3d printing
keywords: 3D printed models
keywords: FDM
keywords: SDL
keywords: additive manufacturing
keywords: desktop manufacturing
keywords: fused deposit modeling
keywords: on-demand manufacturin
keywords: rapid manufacturing
keywords: stereolithography

Access to education
type: Class
description: Ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes; ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre‑primary education; ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development; provision of scholarships for children in developing countries. Access to education.
keywords: access quality education
keywords: access to education
keywords: affordable education
keywords: complete free primary education
keywords: computers for pedagogical purpose
keywords: education facilities upgrade
keywords: education participation rate
keywords: free education
keywords: internet for pedagogical purpose
keywords: learning opportunity
keywords: primary school enrolment
keywords: scholarships developing countries
keywords: universal education
keywords: universal education goal
keywords: universal primary education
keywords: university of the third age
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 51
description: ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes; ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre‑primary education; ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development; provision of scholarships for children in developing countries
subclass of: Quality education
preferred label: access to education

Access to housing
type: Class
description: Ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums. Access to housing.
keywords: active daylighting
keywords: active fire protection
keywords: adequate housing
keywords: affordable housing
keywords: aspirating smoke detector
keywords: building energy rating
keywords: building insulation
keywords: building life cycle
keywords: building sustainable
keywords: favela
keywords: ghetto tax
keywords: green home
keywords: hobo
keywords: homeless
keywords: homelessness
keywords: housing construction
keywords: housing development
keywords: housing opportunity
keywords: informal settlement
keywords: low-income housing
keywords: pavement dwellers
keywords: public housing
keywords: rental housing
keywords: residential density
keywords: rural ghetto
keywords: settlement inclusive
keywords: shanty town
keywords: slum
keywords: slum dweller
keywords: slum settlement
keywords: slumlord
keywords: social housing
keywords: squatter
keywords: sustainable housing
keywords: sustainable human settlement
keywords: tent city
keywords: tenure rights to land
keywords: urban housing
keywords: urban slum
keywords: village home
keywords: zero carbon housing
keywords: zero-energy building
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 52
description: Ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums
subclass of: Sustainable cities and communities
preferred label: access to housing

Access to services
type: Class
description: Ensure equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance. Access to services.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 53
description: ensure equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance
subclass of: No poverty
preferred label: access to services

active ageing and self management of health
keywords: adverse diet
keywords: ageing population
keywords: elderly
keywords: elderly care
keywords: elderly employment
keywords: elderly isolation
keywords: health target
keywords: healthy food
keywords: healthy lifestyle
keywords: healthy live
keywords: healthy people
keywords: human well-being
keywords: loneliness
keywords: old age care
keywords: p-anisidine
keywords: pacemaker failure
keywords: personal well-being
keywords: physical well-being
keywords: physical wellbeing
keywords: preventing loneliness
keywords: senior care
keywords: sleep quality
keywords: unhealthy diet
keywords: unhealthy food
keywords: unhealthy processed food

Advanced biomaterials
type: Class
description: While traditional biomaterials such as leather, cotton and wood have been used worldwide for millennia, technological developments in materials chemistry and engineering now make it possible to manufacture advanced biomaterials with competitive price and mechanical performance to other “conventional” advanced materials, applicable in a wide range of industries. Some of the sub-categories of advanced biomaterials include: fibres; binders and matrices; and biocomposites.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 1
subclass of: Advanced materials
preferred label: advanced biomaterials

Advanced ceramics
type: Class
description: Advanced ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic (ceramic), basically crystalline material of rigorously controlled composition and manufactured with detailed regulation from highly refined and/or characterized raw materials giving precisely specified attributes. Advanced ceramics are referred to in various parts of the world as technical ceramics, high-tech ceramics, and high-performance ceramics.
keywords: barium titanate ceramic
keywords: baxsr1
keywords: ferromagnetics
keywords: gel casting
keywords: gelcasting
keywords: lead-free ceramics
keywords: lead-free piezoelectrics
keywords: multilayer ceramic capacitor
keywords: nanoceramics
keywords: nanocrystals
keywords: piezoelectric ceramics
keywords: si3n4
keywords: si3n4 ceramic
keywords: silicon nitride ceramic
keywords: solid oxide fuel cells
keywords: transparent ceramics
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 2
subclass of: Advanced materials
preferred label: advanced ceramics

Advanced metals
type: Class
description: Advanced metals involves the development and use of new metals with predetermined mechanical, physical and functional properties as e.g. amorphous materials, ultra-fine-grained (including nanostructured) etc.
keywords: advanced stainless steel
keywords: intermetallics
keywords: super-alloys
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 5
subclass of: Advanced materials
preferred label: advanced metals

Advanced polymers
type: Class
description: Advanced polymer composites are heterogeneous materials resulting from the combination of different constituents, including high-performance fibres, a polymer matrix and various fillers and additives. These include synthetic engineering-nonconducting polymers, engineered plastics, conducting polymers or organic-electronic materials OPEs, advanced coatings, advanced/nanofibers, etc. Advanced polymers.
keywords: OPEs
keywords: advanced coatings
keywords: advanced nanofibers
keywords: conducting polymers
keywords: engineered plastics
keywords: granules
keywords: organic-electronic materials
keywords: synthetic engineering-nonconducting polymers
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 6
description: Advanced polymer composites are heterogeneous materials resulting from the combination of different constituents, including high-performance fibres, a polymer matrix and various fillers and additives. These include synthetic engineering-nonconducting polymers, engineered plastics, conducting polymers or organic-electronic materials OPEs, advanced coatings, advanced/nanofibers, etc.
subclass of: Advanced materials
preferred label: advanced polymers

Advanced superconductors
type: Class
description: Superconductivity is the set of physical properties observed in certain materials, wherein electrical resistance vanishes and from which magnetic flux fields are expelled. Adavanced superconductors involve materials exhibiting these properties. Advanced superconductors.
keywords: superconductor
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 7
description: Superconductivity is the set of physical properties observed in certain materials, wherein electrical resistance vanishes and from which magnetic flux fields are expelled. Adavanced superconductors involve materials exhibiting these properties.
subclass of: Advanced materials
preferred label: advanced superconductors

Agricultural productivity and markets
type: Class
description: Enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing countries; correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets; elimination of agricultural export subsidies; ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives; facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves; limit extreme food price volatility. Agricultural productivity and markets.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 55
description: enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing countries; correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets; elimination of agricultural export subsidies; ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives; facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves; limit extreme food price volatility
subclass of: Zero hunger
preferred label: agricultural productivity and markets

AI for society and the economy
type: Class
description: A European society powered by digital solutions that put people first, open up new opportunities for businesses, and boost the development of trustworthy technology to foster an open and democratic society and a vibrant and sustainable economy. AI for society and the economy.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 8
description: A European society powered by digital solutions that put people first, open up new opportunities for businesses, and boost the development of trustworthy technology to foster an open and democratic society and a vibrant and sustainable economy.
subclass of: Artificial Intelligence

Air quality management
type: Class
description: Adopt measures to help protect human health and the environment from the harmful effects of air pollution. Air quality management.
keywords: CO2 emissions
keywords: Paris Climate Agreement
keywords: air pollution
keywords: air quality
keywords: air source heat pump
keywords: ambient air pollution
keywords: ambitious emission* reduction*
keywords: atmosphere
keywords: atmospheric co2 concentration
keywords: atmospheric pollution
keywords: carbon absorptive materials
keywords: carbon dioxide emissions
keywords: carbon emissions
keywords: carbon monoxide
keywords: carbonaceous aerosol
keywords: carbonyl compound
keywords: certified emission reduction
keywords: clean air
keywords: cleaner air
keywords: co2 emission
keywords: dicarboxylic acid
keywords: diesel exhaust particle
keywords: embedded emissions
keywords: emission control
keywords: emission reduction unit
keywords: emissions
keywords: emissions trading
keywords: formaldehyde exposure
keywords: greenhouse gas emissions
keywords: idiopathic environmental intolerance
keywords: indoor air quality
keywords: low carbon content materials
keywords: methane
keywords: methane emissions
keywords: mobile emission reduction credit
keywords: multiple chemical sensitivity
keywords: natural ventilation
keywords: net zero greenhouse gas emission balance
keywords: net zero greenhouse-gas-emission balance
keywords: new particle formation
keywords: nitrogen dioxide
keywords: organic aerosol
keywords: ozone
keywords: ozone pollution
keywords: radiation
keywords: radiation levels
keywords: reduce ghg emission
keywords: source apportionment
keywords: substantial emission* reduction
keywords: thermal comfort
keywords: troposphere
keywords: tropospheric emission
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 56
description: Adopt measures to help protect human health and the environment from the harmful effects of air pollution
subclass of: Climate Action
preferred label: air quality management

Animal biotechnology
type: Class
description: Animal biotechnology is a branch of biotechnology in which molecular biology techniques are used to genetically engineer (i.e. modify the genome of) animals in order to improve their suitability for pharmaceutical, agricultural or industrial applications. Animal biotechnology has been used to produce genetically modified animals that synthesize therapeutic proteins, have improved growth rates or are resistant to disease.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 9
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: animal biotechnology

Applied optics
type: Class
description: Applied optics is a branch of optics and photonics that specifically focuses on using light for practical purposes. Such uses include collecting light from the sun and converting it to electricity, processing metals with high-power lasers and developing optical equivalents of electronic circuits.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 10
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: applied optics

Better use of scientific data
type: Class
description: Better use of scientific data takes into account the need to balance openness with the protection of scientific information, commercialisation and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), privacy concerns, and security, as well as questions of data management and preservation. Open access to data, as a core principle of open science, is predicated on assumptions that scientific data can be reused by other researchers.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 12
subclass of: Artificial Intelligence
preferred label: better use of scientific data

Biodiversity and ecosystems
type: Class
description: Ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands; reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species; end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna; reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems. Biodiversity and ecosystems.
keywords: agriculture industrilization
keywords: agrobiodiversity
keywords: aichi biodiversity target
keywords: alien plant
keywords: alien species
keywords: animal extinction
keywords: animal welfare program
keywords: animal welfare project
keywords: aridification
keywords: assisted natural regeneration
keywords: biodiversity conservation
keywords: biodiversity decline
keywords: biodiversity goal
keywords: biodiversity indicator
keywords: biodiversity loss
keywords: biodiversity observation
keywords: biodiversity target
keywords: biological diversity
keywords: biological diversity strategic plan
keywords: biological invasion
keywords: biological pollution
keywords: biotic homogenization
keywords: coastal wetland
keywords: crop variety
keywords: cropland expansion
keywords: desertification
keywords: desertified land
keywords: dryland degradation
keywords: dryland farming
keywords: earth observations biodiversity observation network
keywords: ecological degradation
keywords: ecological integrity
keywords: ecological restoration
keywords: ecological thinning
keywords: ecological yield
keywords: ecosystem degradation
keywords: ecosystem functioning
keywords: ecosystem management
keywords: ecosystem restoration
keywords: endangered species
keywords: endangereed species
keywords: endemic species
keywords: essential biodiversity variables
keywords: extinct species
keywords: extinction risk reduction
keywords: forest loss
keywords: freshwater biodiversity
keywords: global biodiversity
keywords: global native ecosystem
keywords: green cover index
keywords: habitat degradation
keywords: habitat destruction
keywords: habitat fragmentation
keywords: habitat loss
keywords: habitat restoration
keywords: halt biodiversity loss
keywords: healthy mountain ecosystem
keywords: indigenous species
keywords: introduced species
keywords: invasive alien species
keywords: invasive plant
keywords: invasive predators
keywords: invasive species
keywords: local biodiversity
keywords: mangrove species
keywords: marine biodiversity
keywords: migratory species
keywords: mountain area green coverage
keywords: mountain biodiversity
keywords: mountain eco system
keywords: mountain green cover
keywords: mountain green cover index
keywords: native biodiversity
keywords: native species
keywords: native tree
keywords: non-indigenous species
keywords: non-native plant

Bioelectronics
type: Class
description: Bioelectronics is a field of research in the convergence of biology and electronics.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 13
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: bioelectronics

Bioinformatics
type: Class
description: Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data, in particular when the data sets are large and complex.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 15
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: bioinformatics

Biomaterials
type: Class
description: Biomaterials are those materials — be it natural or synthetic, alive or lifeless, and usually made of multiple components — that interact with biological systems. Biomaterials are often used in medical applications to augment or replace a natural function.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 16
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: biomaterials

Biomedicine
type: Class
description: Biomedicine (also referred to as Western medicine, mainstream medicine or conventional medicine) is a branch of medical science that applies biological and physiological principles to clinical practice.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 18
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: biomedicine

Biotechnology for manufacturing
type: Class
description: Biotechnology for manufacturing involves working with nature to maximize and optimize existing biochemical pathways that can be used in manufacturing. The industrial biotechnology revolution rides on a series of related developments in three fields of study of detailed information derived from the cell: genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics. As a result, scientists can apply new techniques to a large number of microorganisms ranging from bacteria, yeasts, and fungi to marine diatoms and protozoa.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 19
subclass of: Advanced manufacturing technology
preferred label: biotechnology for manufacturing

Bribery and corruption
type: Class
description: Reduce corruption and bribery in all forms. Bribery and corruption.
keywords: petrodollar warfare
keywords: political consumerism
keywords: responsible living
keywords: reusability
keywords: streamlining of carbon footprint
keywords: sustainable economy
keywords: sustainable life
keywords: sustainable lifestyle
keywords: sustainable living
keywords: sustainable product
keywords: sustainable village
keywords: urban sustainability
keywords: vegan food
keywords: zero waste
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 58
description: reduce corruption and bribery in all forms
subclass of: Peace, justice and strong institutions
preferred label: bribery and corruption

Carbon footprint
type: Class
description: Adopt measures to achieve a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon footprint.
keywords: administrative corruption
keywords: ecosystem restoration
keywords: endangered species
keywords: endangereed species
keywords: endemic species
keywords: essential biodiversity variables
keywords: extinct species
keywords: extinction risk reduction
keywords: forest loss
keywords: freshwater biodiversity
keywords: global biodiversity
keywords: global native ecosystem
keywords: government corruption
keywords: green cover index
keywords: habitat degradation
keywords: habitat destruction
keywords: habitat fragmentation
keywords: habitat loss
keywords: habitat restoration
keywords: halt biodiversity loss
keywords: healthy mountain ecosystem
keywords: illicit finance
keywords: illicit financial flows
keywords: indigenous species
keywords: insider trading
keywords: introduced species
keywords: invasive alien species
keywords: invasive plant
keywords: invasive predators
keywords: invasive species
keywords: local biodiversity
keywords: mangrove species
keywords: marine biodiversity
keywords: migratory species
keywords: mountain area green coverage
keywords: mountain biodiversity
keywords: mountain eco system
keywords: mountain green cover
keywords: mountain green cover index
keywords: native biodiversity
keywords: native species
keywords: native tree
keywords: non-indigenous species
keywords: non-native plant
keywords: nonnative species
keywords: outward illicit financial flow
keywords: perceived corruption
keywords: petty corruption
keywords: pioneer species
keywords: plant diversity
keywords: plant genetic resource
keywords: plant invasion
keywords: police corruption
keywords: political corruption
keywords: prioritize conservation effort
keywords: priority species
keywords: public corruption
keywords: red list index
keywords: reduce corruption
keywords: reduce illicit financial
keywords: regional biodiversity
keywords: species endangerment
keywords: species extinction
keywords: systemic corruption
keywords: terrestrial biodiversity
keywords: terrestrial biosphere
keywords: terrestrial ecosystem
keywords: terrestrial vegetation
keywords: wildlife conservation
keywords: wildlife corridor
keywords: worlds ecosystem service
keywords: zero waste policy
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 59
description: Adopt measures to achieve a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions
subclass of: Climate Action
preferred label: carbon footprint

Childbirth and infant mortality
type: Class
description: Reduce the global maternal mortality; reduce neonatal mortality and deaths of children under 5 years of age. Childbirth and infant mortality.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 60
description: reduce the global maternal mortality; reduce neonatal mortality and deaths of children under 5 years of age
subclass of: Good health and well-being
preferred label: childbirth and infant mortality

Climate change strategies
type: Class
description: Adopt measures to support the global transition to net zero and mitigate the effects of climate change; Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters; Integration of climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning. Climate change strategies.
keywords: 2030 challenge
keywords: acea agreement
keywords: alpine convention
keywords: ambitious climate deal
keywords: chicago climate exchange
keywords: citizens' climate lobby
keywords: climate alliance
keywords: climate capitalism
keywords: climate change adaptation
keywords: climate change management
keywords: climate change mitigation
keywords: climate change planning
keywords: climate change policy
keywords: climate change, industry and society
keywords: climate law and governance initiative
keywords: climate mitigation
keywords: climate policies
keywords: climate policy
keywords: climate registry
keywords: climate related financing
keywords: climate resilience
keywords: climate security
keywords: economic impacts of climate change
keywords: emission reduction target
keywords: energy charter treaty
keywords: global climate finance
keywords: global climate model
keywords: global climate regime
keywords: global strategic petroleum reserves
keywords: green climate fund
keywords: green deal
keywords: green new deal
keywords: hartwell paper
keywords: ilulissat declaration
keywords: ipcc assessment report
keywords: kyoto protocol
keywords: leipzig declaration
keywords: multilateral climate fund
keywords: national risk reduction strategy
keywords: paris agreement
keywords: political economy of climate change
keywords: power purchase agreement
keywords: rio convention
keywords: united nations climate change conference
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 63
description: Adopt measures to support the global transition to net zero and mitigate the effects of climate change; Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters; Integration of climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning
subclass of: Climate Action
preferred label: climate change strategies

Crime and terrorism
type: Class
description: Reduce violence and related death rates; strengthen national capacity for combating crime, violence and terrorism through international cooperation. Crime and terrorism.
keywords: anticipatory bail
keywords: arm traffick
keywords: crime
keywords: criminal justice policy
keywords: criminal networks
keywords: criminal organisations
keywords: criminality
keywords: experience sexual violence
keywords: global homicide
keywords: high prison rate
keywords: highest homicide risk
keywords: homicide
keywords: homicide rate
keywords: homicide risk
keywords: homicide victim
keywords: homicides
keywords: illegal arms
keywords: intentional homicide
keywords: international homicide
keywords: kidnapping
keywords: kidnappings
keywords: mafia
keywords: overall prison population
keywords: preventive detention
keywords: prison population rate
keywords: prison population total
keywords: prison rate
keywords: prisoners' rights
keywords: proactive policing
keywords: reduce violent crime
keywords: sexual violence
keywords: terrorism
keywords: victims of violence
keywords: victims' rights
keywords: violence against children
keywords: war profiteering
keywords: waterboarding
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 64
description: reduce violence and related death rates; strengthen national capacity for combating crime, violence and terrorism through international cooperation
subclass of: Peace, justice and strong institutions
preferred label: crime and terrorism

Democracy and governance
type: Class
description: Ensure accountability and transparency of governance; ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making; Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance. Democracy and governance.
keywords: accountable institution
keywords: accountable organisation
keywords: action alert
keywords: anti-homelessness legislation
keywords: collaborative governance
keywords: country governance
keywords: deliberative democracy
keywords: democracy software
keywords: democratic governance
keywords: democratisation
keywords: democratization
keywords: device neutrality
keywords: digital democracy
keywords: digital voting
keywords: e-democracy
keywords: economic discrimination
keywords: effective governance
keywords: effective institution
keywords: effective organisation
keywords: election debate
keywords: election debate visualisation
keywords: election monitoring
keywords: election petition
keywords: election security
keywords: electoral fraud
keywords: electoral integrity
keywords: free migration
keywords: gerrymandering
keywords: global governance indicator
keywords: good governance
keywords: governance indicator
keywords: governance measurement
keywords: governance metric
keywords: governance system
keywords: governance target
keywords: hegemonic
keywords: hegemony
keywords: hostile work environment
keywords: identity politics
keywords: ideological repression
keywords: imperialism
keywords: institutional measurement
keywords: internet democracy
keywords: justice for all
keywords: legal identity
keywords: mortgage discrimination
keywords: national governance
keywords: neopatrimonialism
keywords: nepotism
keywords: odious debt
keywords: online voting
keywords: parliament
keywords: participative
keywords: participatory governance
keywords: police accountability
keywords: political processes
keywords: public debate
keywords: realistic government budget
keywords: shadow economy
keywords: sound governance
keywords: strong institution
keywords: stronger judicial system
keywords: traditional good governance
keywords: transparency institution
keywords: transparency organisation
keywords: transparent institution
keywords: transparent law
keywords: transparent organisation
keywords: universal birth registration
keywords: universal legal identity
keywords: worldwide birth registration
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 66
description: ensure accountability and transparency of governance; ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making; Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance
subclass of: Peace, justice and strong institutions
preferred label: democracy and governance

Digital privacy
type: Class
label: e-privacy
description: In the ePrivacy domain, the main objective is the protection of the confidentiality and the security of communications, which is rooted in the fundamental right to the respect of private and family life (including communications), as enshrined in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. Digital privacy. E-privacy.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 21
description: In the ePrivacy domain, the main objective is the protection of the confidentiality and the security of communications, which is rooted in the fundamental right to the respect of private and family life (including communications), as enshrined in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights.
subclass of: Cybersecurity
preferred label: digital privacy

Digital society
type: Class
label: e-inclusion
description: Europe's e-Inclusion policy ensures that no one is left behind and promotes the use of ICTs to overcome exclusion, and improve employment opportunities, quality of life, social participation and cohesion. Digital society.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 22
description: Europe's e-Inclusion policy ensures that no one is left behind and promotes the use of ICTs to overcome exclusion, and improve employment opportunities, quality of life, social participation and cohesion.
subclass of: Cybersecurity
preferred label: digital society

disability and diversity
keywords: cultural rights
keywords: deaf rights movement
keywords: death penalty for homosexuality
keywords: disability justice
keywords: disability studies in education
keywords: discriminatory law
keywords: diversity training
keywords: employment discrimination
keywords: equal employment opportunity
keywords: ethnic penalty
keywords: freedom from discrimination
keywords: freedom of religion
keywords: gay-friendly
keywords: gender development
keywords: gender equality
keywords: gender expression
keywords: homophobic propaganda
keywords: illusion of inclusion
keywords: inclusive development
keywords: inclusive institution
keywords: minoritized language
keywords: moral exclusion
keywords: national equality standard
keywords: non-discrimination
keywords: pogrom
keywords: racial discrimination
keywords: racial politics
keywords: racial quota
keywords: religious freedom
keywords: reverse discrimination
keywords: second-class citizen
keywords: sexual harassment
keywords: unconscious bias training
keywords: universal suffrage

Disaster resilience
type: Class
description: Significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations. Substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels. Disaster resilience.
keywords: disaster risk reduction
keywords: earthquake-resistant structure
keywords: urban disaster risk management
keywords: urban resilience
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 68
description: Significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations. Substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels
subclass of: Sustainable cities and communities
preferred label: disaster resilience

Disaster vulnerability
type: Class
description: Build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters. Disaster vulnerability.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 69
description: build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters
subclass of: No poverty
preferred label: disaster vulnerability

e health
keywords: health care technology

Economic equality
type: Class
description: Empower and promote the economic inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status. Economic equality.
keywords: bank monitoring
keywords: bank regulation
keywords: economic equality
keywords: economic inclusion
keywords: economic inequality
keywords: elite driven commercial development
keywords: financial inclusion
keywords: financial regulation
keywords: financial soundness indicator
keywords: gini coefficient
keywords: income disparity
keywords: income distribution
keywords: income equality
keywords: income inequality
keywords: lending monitoring
keywords: people living below median income
keywords: poverty reduction
keywords: remittance corridor
keywords: typical remittance corridor
keywords: unequal economic
keywords: vulnerable country
keywords: vulnerable nation
keywords: vulnerable state
keywords: wage inequality
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 70
description: empower and promote the economic inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status
subclass of: Reduced inequalities
preferred label: economic equality

Economic productivity
type: Class
description: Sustain economic growth in accordance with national circumstances; support economic productivity through diversification and technological innovation; improve global resource efficiency.
keywords: access to banking
keywords: access to financial service
keywords: access to insurance service
keywords: average hourly earning
keywords: broader economic diversification
keywords: common welfare economy
keywords: domestic product growth
keywords: economic crisis
keywords: economic diversification
keywords: economic growth target
keywords: economic index component
keywords: economic productivity
keywords: economic stagnation
keywords: economic target
keywords: favourable external economic condition
keywords: financial crisis
keywords: foster economic activity
keywords: free trade agreement
keywords: gdp growth
keywords: global economic downturn
keywords: global financial crisis
keywords: global merchandise export
keywords: global resource efficiency
keywords: global trade
keywords: green economy
keywords: green growth model
keywords: gross domestic product
keywords: growth recession
keywords: inclusive economic growth
keywords: inclusive growth
keywords: inclusive wealth index
keywords: increase labor productivity
keywords: increase labour productivity
keywords: increase productivity
keywords: long term economic growth
keywords: material footprint
keywords: mobile money service provider
keywords: per capita economic growth
keywords: productive investment
keywords: stable commodity price
keywords: steady state economy
keywords: sustainable economic development
keywords: sustainable economic growth
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 71
description: sustain economic growth in accordance with national circumstances; support economic productivity through diversification and technological innovation; improve global resource efficiency
subclass of: Decent work and economic growth
preferred label: economic productivity

employment equality
keywords: added worker effect
keywords: disability unemployment rate
keywords: employment discrimination
keywords: equal employment opportunity commission
keywords: equal pay day
keywords: equal pay for equal work
keywords: equal remuneration convention
keywords: gay wage gap
keywords: gender pay gap
keywords: labour discrimination
keywords: mens median hourly pay
keywords: occupational sexism
keywords: woman labor market
keywords: women in the workforce

Employment equality and opportunity
type: Class
description: Support decent job creation, opportunity and innovation, entrepreneurship and creativity; prpvide equal work opportunities for all women and men;. Employment equality and opportunity.
keywords: added worker effect
keywords: disability unemployment rate
keywords: employment challenges
keywords: employment discrimination
keywords: employment opportunity
keywords: employment programme
keywords: employment protection legislation
keywords: employment rate
keywords: employment-to-population ratio
keywords: entrepreneurship education
keywords: equal employment opportunity commission
keywords: equal pay day
keywords: equal pay for equal work
keywords: equal remuneration convention
keywords: foreign worker
keywords: formal employment
keywords: gay wage gap
keywords: gender pay gap
keywords: global jobs pact
keywords: immigrant worker
keywords: income inequality
keywords: informal employment
keywords: job creation
keywords: job opportunity
keywords: jobless claims
keywords: jobless recovery
keywords: joblessness
keywords: labour discrimination
keywords: labour right
keywords: mens median hourly pay
keywords: occupational sexism
keywords: woman labor market
keywords: women in the workforce
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 72
description: support decent job creation, opportunity and innovation, entrepreneurship and creativity; prpvide equal work opportunities for all women and men;
subclass of: Decent work and economic growth
preferred label: employment equality and opportunity

Energy efficiency
type: Class
description: Improving energy efficiency.
keywords: building insulation
keywords: building performance
keywords: carbon intensity
keywords: cavity wall insulation
keywords: consumption energy intensity
keywords: current energy landscape
keywords: decarbonised energy production
keywords: disposable food packaging
keywords: domestic energy production
keywords: double envelope house
keywords: double glazing
keywords: ecohouse
keywords: efficient energy
keywords: electricity consumption
keywords: electricity cost
keywords: energy audit
keywords: energy conservation
keywords: energy consumption
keywords: energy conversion efficiency
keywords: energy cost
keywords: energy crop
keywords: energy demand
keywords: energy dense fossil fuel
keywords: energy efficiency
keywords: energy harvesting
keywords: energy intensity
keywords: energy intensity growth
keywords: energy intensity improvement
keywords: energy performance
keywords: energy poverty
keywords: energy productivity
keywords: energy usage
keywords: fuel consumption
keywords: fuel efficiency
keywords: fuel poverty
keywords: home energy upgrades from public utilities
keywords: increase energy efficiency
keywords: insulated glazing
keywords: public schemes for energy efficient refurbishment
keywords: renewable electricity
keywords: smart energy system
keywords: smart grid
keywords: subsistence level electricity consumption
keywords: sustainable electronic
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 73
description: Improving energy efficiency
subclass of: Affordable and clean energy
preferred label: energy efficiency

entrepreneurship
keywords: academic entrepreneur

Environmental biotechnology
type: Class
description: Environmental biotechnology is the branch of biotechnology that addresses environmental problems, such as the removal of pollution, renewable energy generation or biomass production, by exploiting biological processes.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 23
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: environmental biotechnology

Equal access to justice
type: Class
description: Ensure equal access to justice; provide legal identity for all, including birth registration.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 67
description: ensure equal access to justice; provide legal identity for all, including birth registration
subclass of: Peace, justice and strong institutions
preferred label: equal access to justice

Equality in education
type: Class
description: Ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable and quality technical, vocational and tertiary education, including universityl eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable. Equality in education.
keywords: educational inequality
keywords: equal education
keywords: equitable education
keywords: equitable quality education
keywords: equitable quality learning opportunity
keywords: gender disparities in education
keywords: inclusive education
keywords: infrastructure and materials for students with disability
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 74
description: ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable and quality technical, vocational and tertiary education, including universityl eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable
subclass of: Quality education
preferred label: equality in education

financial services
keywords: access to banking
keywords: access to financial service
keywords: access to insurance service
keywords: mobile money service provider
keywords: productive investment

Fishing
type: Class
description: Prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets.
keywords: arhynchobatidae
keywords: artisanal fisher
keywords: artisanal fishery
keywords: blast fishing
keywords: coastal fishery
keywords: destructive fishing
keywords: destructive fishing practice
keywords: environmental issues with salmon
keywords: essential fish habitat
keywords: fish population
keywords: fish stock
keywords: fisheries and climate change
keywords: fisheries management
keywords: fisheries market access
keywords: fisheries subsidies
keywords: fisheries sustainability
keywords: fishery resource
keywords: fishing activity
keywords: fishing community
keywords: fishing licence
keywords: fishing practice
keywords: fishing practise
keywords: fishing sustainable fishery
keywords: global fishery
keywords: illegal fishing
keywords: lamniformes
keywords: local fisher
keywords: marine fishery
keywords: maximum sustainable yield
keywords: organization fishery subsidy
keywords: over-fishing
keywords: overfish
keywords: overfishing
keywords: pulse fishing
keywords: shark conservation act
keywords: shark fin soup
keywords: shark finning
keywords: shrimp aquaculture
keywords: small scale artisanal fisher
keywords: small scale fishing community
keywords: small-scale fisher
keywords: small-scale fishery
keywords: sustainable fish stock
keywords: sustainable fish stocks
keywords: sustainable fisheries market
keywords: sustainable fishery
keywords: sustainable fishing
keywords: sustainable seafood
keywords: sustainable small-scale fisheries market
keywords: sustainable yield in fishery
keywords: traditional fishery
keywords: traditional fishing
keywords: turtle excluder device
keywords: unregulated fishing
keywords: unsustainable fishing
keywords: whale and dolphin conservation
keywords: wild ocean fishing
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 75
description: Prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation. effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics. Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets
subclass of: Life below water
preferred label: fishing

Food consumption and production
type: Class
label: food consumption
label: food production
description: Decrease global food waste in retail and consumer environments, and reduce food losses in production and supply chains. Food consumption and production. Food production.
keywords: food loss
keywords: food wastage
keywords: food waste
keywords: global food waste
keywords: international food waste
keywords: local food
keywords: safe food
keywords: sustainable consumption
keywords: wasted food
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 76
description: Decrease global food waste in retail and consumer environments, and reduce food losses in production and supply chains
subclass of: Responsible consumption and production
preferred label: food consumption and production

food nanotechnology
keywords: Nanocarrier systems for delivery of nutrients
keywords: Nanocoatings on food contact surfaces
keywords: Nanosized agrochemicals
keywords: Processed nanostructured food
keywords: biopolymer-based nanoencapsulated substances
keywords: inorganic nanosized additives
keywords: nano iron
keywords: nanocapsules
keywords: nanofood
keywords: nanomaterials for food packaging
keywords: nanosized additives
keywords: nanostructured food
keywords: nanostructured food ingredients
keywords: nanotechnology food
keywords: nanotechnology in agriculture
keywords: nanotechnology in food
keywords: nanotextured food
keywords: organic nanosized additives

Food security
type: Class
description: Strengthen capacity of food production for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality; maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks; prevent food wastage. Food security.
keywords: adulterated food
keywords: agricultur* productive capacity
keywords: agricultural production
keywords: agricultural productivity
keywords: child hunger
keywords: crop production
keywords: crop productivity
keywords: crop yield
keywords: crop yields
keywords: doha development round
keywords: enough food
keywords: equal access to land
keywords: extreme food price volatility
keywords: famine
keywords: farmers' income
keywords: food access
keywords: food crisis
keywords: food demand
keywords: food deprivation
keywords: food distribution
keywords: food inflation
keywords: food insecurity
keywords: food insecurity hotspot country
keywords: food insufficiency
keywords: food price
keywords: food prices
keywords: food reserves
keywords: food safety
keywords: food sovereignty
keywords: food speculation
keywords: food supply
keywords: global hunger index
keywords: grain production
keywords: hungry people
keywords: international food policy
keywords: nutrition security
keywords: poor food security
keywords: rice production
keywords: rice yield
keywords: severe food insecurity
keywords: small-scale food producers income
keywords: starvation
keywords: sufficient food
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 77
description: strengthen capacity of food production for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality; maintain the genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks; prevent food wastage
subclass of: Zero hunger
preferred label: food security

Forced labour
type: Class
description: Eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking; prohibit and eliminate the worst forms of child labour.
keywords: child labour
keywords: child trafficking
keywords: child work
keywords: debt bondage
keywords: end child labour
keywords: end modern slavery
keywords: forced labour
keywords: hague convention on the civil aspects of international child abduction
keywords: human trafficking
keywords: labour exploitation
keywords: sex trafficking
keywords: slavery
keywords: trafficked persons
keywords: unfree labour
keywords: working children
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 78
description: eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking; prohibit and eliminate the worst forms of child labour
subclass of: Decent work and economic growth
preferred label: forced labour

Forestry
type: Class
description: Promote and finance the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests;. Forestry.
keywords: afforestation
keywords: arboriculture
keywords: conifer species
keywords: deforestation
keywords: even-aged timber management
keywords: forest area
keywords: forest biodiversity
keywords: forest change
keywords: forest conversion
keywords: forest degradation
keywords: forest ecosystem
keywords: forest farming
keywords: forest fragmentation
keywords: forest integrated pest management
keywords: forest inventory
keywords: forest land
keywords: forest loss
keywords: forest management
keywords: forest management plan
keywords: forest protection
keywords: forest regrowth
keywords: forest restoration
keywords: forest species
keywords: forests cover
keywords: illegal logging
keywords: increase afforestation
keywords: municipal forest
keywords: national forest programme
keywords: national forest week
keywords: protection forest
keywords: reforestation
keywords: shelterwood cutting
keywords: silvicultural
keywords: silviculture
keywords: sustainable forest
keywords: timber harvesting
keywords: tree breeding
keywords: tree farm
keywords: tree inventory
keywords: tree planting
keywords: tree seedling
keywords: tropical rainforest conservation
keywords: woody species
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 79
description: promote and finance the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests;
subclass of: Life on land
preferred label: forestry

Gender equality
type: Class
description: SDG 5 Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.
keywords: abortion clinic
keywords: abortion rights
keywords: child marriage
keywords: date rape
keywords: defeminization
keywords: discrimination against girl
keywords: discrimination against women
keywords: disorders of sex development
keywords: domestic violence
keywords: empower girl
keywords: empower women
keywords: empowerment of women
keywords: entrenched gender disparity
keywords: equal pay day
keywords: equal pay for equal work
keywords: equal remuneration convention
keywords: female circumcision
keywords: female education
keywords: female equality
keywords: female genital mutilation
keywords: female sex tourism
keywords: force marriage
keywords: forced abortion
keywords: forced marriage
keywords: forced prostitution
keywords: full gender equality
keywords: gender bias
keywords: gender binary
keywords: gender budgeting
keywords: gender discrimination
keywords: gender disparities in health
keywords: gender diversity
keywords: gender equality
keywords: gender equity
keywords: gender gap
keywords: gender inequality
keywords: gender justice
keywords: gender mainstreaming
keywords: gender marking in job titles
keywords: gender neutrality
keywords: gender norm
keywords: gender parity
keywords: gender quota
keywords: gender responsive budgeting
keywords: gender violence
keywords: gender wage gap
keywords: gender-neutral title
keywords: gendered impact
keywords: genderless language
keywords: genital mutilation
keywords: governance and gender
keywords: gynocriticism
keywords: hegemonic masculinity
keywords: increase women’s representation
keywords: infibulation
keywords: intimate partner violence
keywords: knobstick wedding
keywords: male privilege
keywords: migrant sex work
keywords: misogyny
keywords: motherhood penalty
keywords: mothers rights
keywords: partner violence
keywords: patriarchal structure
keywords: promote womens economic participation
keywords: rape culture
keywords: reproductive autonomy
keywords: reproductive healthcare
keywords: reproductive rights
keywords: servile marriage
keywords: sex change
keywords: sex discrimination
keywords: sex education
keywords: sex in advertising
keywords: sex industry network
keywords: sex trafficking
keywords: sexism

geothermal energy
keywords: air source heat pumps
keywords: geothermal desalination
keywords: geothermal energy
keywords: geothermal heat pump
keywords: geothermal heating
keywords: geothermal power
keywords: ground heat exchanger
keywords: thermal energy
keywords: thermoelectric generator

Green photonics
type: Class
description: Green photonics is the study and development of applied optical systems for generating clean, renewable energy. This includes solar cells and photovoltaic devices, creating energy-efficient optical sources for lighting and display applications and developing environmentally friendly materials for optoelectronic devices and components.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 24
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: green photonics

Health care provision
type: Class
description: Universal health coverage; access to quality essential health-care services; access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all; recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries. Health care provision.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 82
description: universal health coverage; access to quality essential health-care services; access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all; recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries
subclass of: Good health and well-being
preferred label: health care provision

healthcare provision
keywords: access to health-care services
keywords: affordable essential medicine
keywords: affordable medicine
keywords: affordable vaccines
keywords: annual healthcare
keywords: basic health need
keywords: basic health sector
keywords: child mortality rate
keywords: essential health care
keywords: essential health service
keywords: essential medicine
keywords: essential vaccine
keywords: frontline health worker
keywords: global health risks
keywords: health care service
keywords: health care solution
keywords: health disparity
keywords: health early warning system
keywords: health emergency preparedness
keywords: health insurance
keywords: health intervention
keywords: health policies
keywords: health risk reduction
keywords: improving mortality
keywords: increasing life expectancy
keywords: international health policy
keywords: international health regulation
keywords: international health regulations
keywords: kyoto protocol
keywords: major health impact
keywords: mortality trend
keywords: national health discourse
keywords: national health risks
keywords: per capita health expenditure
keywords: primary health care
keywords: public health policy
keywords: public health risk
keywords: public health service
keywords: public health system
keywords: universal health
keywords: universal health access
keywords: universal health coverage
keywords: vaccination programme
keywords: vaccination strategies
keywords: women health worker
keywords: world health organization

Heritage conservation
type: Class
description: Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage. Heritage conservation.
keywords: archaeological heritage
keywords: architectural heritage
keywords: built heritage
keywords: geological heritage
keywords: heritage conservation
keywords: heritage preservation
keywords: historic building
keywords: historical building
keywords: world heritage
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 83
description: Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage
subclass of: Sustainable cities and communities
preferred label: heritage conservation

Human rights
type: Class
description: End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against children; Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms. Human rights.
keywords: academic freedom
keywords: access to information
keywords: arbitrary detention
keywords: black suffrage
keywords: book burning
keywords: child abuse
keywords: child labour
keywords: child marriage
keywords: child migration
keywords: child pirate
keywords: child protection
keywords: child rights violation
keywords: child welfare
keywords: children abuse
keywords: children exploitation
keywords: children explotaiton
keywords: children's rights
keywords: civil confinement
keywords: civil liberties
keywords: civil mobilisation
keywords: cognitive liberty
keywords: communication rights
keywords: consistent life ethic
keywords: digital rights
keywords: enforced disappearance
keywords: female genital mutilation
keywords: free speech fights
keywords: free speech zone
keywords: freedom of assembly
keywords: freedom of association
keywords: freedom of education
keywords: freedom of movement
keywords: freedom of speech
keywords: freedom of thought
keywords: fundamental rights
keywords: gandhian
keywords: genocide
keywords: hostage
keywords: human abuse
keywords: human exploitation
keywords: human right
keywords: human rights
keywords: indigenous rights
keywords: individual right
keywords: intellectual freedom
keywords: linguistic rights
keywords: lynching
keywords: martyrdom
keywords: mass surveillance
keywords: media independence
keywords: media pluralism
keywords: paternal rights
keywords: political freedom
keywords: political rights
keywords: presumption of guilt
keywords: presumption of innocence
keywords: privacy policy
keywords: publication ban
keywords: reproductive coercion
keywords: reproductive rights
keywords: safety of journalists
keywords: sexual exploitation
keywords: targeted surveillance
keywords: torture
keywords: universal manhood suffrage
keywords: voter suppression
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 84
description: end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against children; Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms
subclass of: Peace, justice and strong institutions
preferred label: human rights

Illness from pollutants
type: Class
description: Reduction of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination. Illness from pollutants.
keywords: acrolein
keywords: acrylonitrile
keywords: aerotoxic syndrome
keywords: air pollutant concentration
keywords: air pollution mortality
keywords: air quality guideline
keywords: air quality index
keywords: air quality law
keywords: aldrin
keywords: alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane
keywords: anopheles
keywords: arctic haze
keywords: asbestos
keywords: beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
keywords: bharat stage emission standards
keywords: bromochlorodifluoromethane
keywords: bromotrifluoromethane
keywords: burn pit
keywords: carbon dioxide in earth's atmosphere
keywords: carbon disulfide
keywords: carbon literacy
keywords: carbon monoxide poisoning
keywords: carbon tetrachloride
keywords: carbonyl sulphide
keywords: chlordane
keywords: chlorinated paraffin
keywords: chlorobenzene
keywords: chlorodifluoromethane
keywords: chloroethane
keywords: chlorofluorocarbon
keywords: chloromethane
keywords: chloropentafluoroethane
keywords: chloroprene
keywords: chlorotrifluoromethane
keywords: crankcase ventilation system
keywords: cresol
keywords: ddt
keywords: degradation of mcpa in soil
keywords: dichlorodifluoromethane
keywords: dieldrin
keywords: dust abatement
keywords: emission standard
keywords: endrin
keywords: environmental disease
keywords: environmental pollution
keywords: ethanol intake
keywords: ethylbenzene
keywords: fluorinated gas
keywords: fluorocarbon
keywords: fluoroform
keywords: fluzone
keywords: halomethane
keywords: heptachlor
keywords: hexachlorobenzene
keywords: hexafluoroethane
keywords: histoplasmosis
keywords: hydrogen chloride
keywords: hydrogen fluoride
keywords: industrial dye degradation
keywords: industrial wastewater treatment
keywords: kepone
keywords: lead abatement
keywords: low-carbon emission
keywords: low-emission zone
keywords: methyl isobutyl ketone
keywords: methyl isocyanide
keywords: methyl tert-butyl ether
keywords: mirex
keywords: nitrogen trifluoride
keywords: o-anisidine
keywords: passive smoking
keywords: perfluorocarbon tracer
keywords: perfluorotributylamine
keywords: pollutant standards index
keywords: polybrominated biphenyl
keywords: polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
keywords: polychlorinated dibenzofurans

Industrial research
type: Class
description: Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization; increase the access of small-scale industrial and other enterprises to financial services and their integration into value chains and markets. Industrial research.
keywords: blue skies research
keywords: enhance scientific research
keywords: research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 86
description: Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization; increase the access of small-scale industrial and other enterprises to financial services and their integration into value chains and markets
subclass of: Industry, innovation and infrastructure
preferred label: industrial research

Innovation
type: Class
description: Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors, and encourage innovation, substantially increasing the number of research and development workers.
keywords: academic entrepreneur
keywords: advanced innovation design approach
keywords: catapult centres
keywords: clusters of innovation
keywords: communities of innovation
keywords: creative entrepreneurship
keywords: disruptive innovation
keywords: disruptive solutions process
keywords: drive local innovation
keywords: eco-innovation
keywords: ecopreneurship
keywords: enabling technology
keywords: entrepreneurship ecosystem
keywords: entrepreneurship education
keywords: female entrepreneurs
keywords: financial innovation
keywords: foundational innovation
keywords: global innovation index
keywords: hidden innovation
keywords: ideas bank
keywords: inclusive entrepreneurship
keywords: induced innovation
keywords: innovation butterfly
keywords: innovation competition
keywords: innovation intermediary
keywords: innovation management
keywords: innovation sustainable development
keywords: innovative activity
keywords: innovative capacity
keywords: innovative performance
keywords: linear model of innovation
keywords: living lab
keywords: local innovation
keywords: local innovation system
keywords: open innovation
keywords: outcome-driven innovation
keywords: product innovation
keywords: regional innovation system
keywords: research spin-off
keywords: social innovation
keywords: technological innovation
keywords: technology innovation
keywords: university spin-off
keywords: user innovation
keywords: vertical innovation
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 88
description: Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors, and encourage innovation, substantially increasing the number of research and development workers
subclass of: Industry, innovation and infrastructure
preferred label: innovation

Lasers leds and light sources
type: Class
description: Lasers, LEDs and light sources are devices that create light. LEDs (light emitting diodes) convert an electrical current into light using spontaneous emission in optically active semiconductors. Lasers add a mechanism for optical feedback, such as mirrors, that stimulates further emission and generates a high-intensity beam of radiation.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 25
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: lasers leds and light sources

Literacy and numeracy
type: Class
description: Ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy.
keywords: adult literacy
keywords: adult literacy rate
keywords: basic literacy skills
keywords: basic mathematical skill
keywords: civic literacy
keywords: global literacy rate
keywords: literacy skills
keywords: mens literacy rate
keywords: numeracy skill
keywords: womens literacy rate
keywords: youth literacy rate
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 91
description: ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy
subclass of: Quality education
preferred label: literacy and numeracy

Local culture and products
type: Class
description: Promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products.
keywords: artisan
keywords: artisanship
keywords: community-based tourism
keywords: local culture
keywords: local product
keywords: local tourism
keywords: sustainable local product
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 92
description: promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products
subclass of: Decent work and economic growth
preferred label: local culture and products

Marine pollution
type: Class
description: Prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution. Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels.
keywords: average marine acidity
keywords: beach cleanup
keywords: coastal water quality
keywords: cyanide fishing
keywords: floating debris
keywords: marine acidity
keywords: marine debris
keywords: marine pollution
keywords: mercury in fish
keywords: ocean acidification
keywords: ocean health
keywords: ocean pollution
keywords: reduce marine pollution
keywords: seawater acidification
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 93
subclass of: Life below water
preferred label: marine pollution

Marine technology
type: Class
description: Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries.
keywords: marine biotechnology
keywords: marine science
keywords: ocean science
keywords: oceanography
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 94
description: Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries
subclass of: Life below water
preferred label: marine technology

Mems and nems
type: Class
description: Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are a class of devices integrating electrical and mechanical functionality on the nanoscale. NEMS form the logical next miniaturization step from so-called microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS devices. Mems and nems.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 27
description: Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are a class of devices integrating electrical and mechanical functionality on the nanoscale. NEMS form the logical next miniaturization step from so-called microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS devices.
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: mems and nems

Mental health
type: Class
description: Promote mental health and well-being.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 108
description: promote mental health and well-being
subclass of: Good health and well-being
preferred label: mental health

microcomputing technologies
keywords: computing technologies
keywords: microcomputer
keywords: microcomputer technology
keywords: single chip microprocessor

Mne in manufacturing
type: Class
description: Micro- and nanotechnologies in manufacturing involves the generic technology development focused on exploratory research for the continued shrinking of horizontal and vertical physical feature sizes, for use in manufacturing. Mne in manufacturing.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 29
description: Micro- and nanotechnologies in manufacturing involves the generic technology development focused on exploratory research for the continued shrinking of horizontal and vertical physical feature sizes, for use in manufacturing.
subclass of: Advanced manufacturing technology
preferred label: mne in manufacturing

Nanobiotechnology
type: Class
description: Nanobiotechnology is a discipline in which tools from nanotechnology are developed and applied to study biological phenomena. For example, nanoparticles can serve as probes, sensors or vehicles for biomolecule delivery in cellular systems.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 30
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: nanobiotechnology

nanoelectrconics
keywords: 22 nanometer node
keywords: advanced molecular electronics
keywords: carbon nanotubes
keywords: electron transistors
keywords: hybrid molecular electronics
keywords: nanoelectromechanical systems
keywords: one-dimensional nanotubes
keywords: one-dimensional nanowires
keywords: silicon CMOS technology
keywords: silicon nanowires

nanoscience techniques
keywords: surface patterning

Nanotechnologies for manufacturing
type: Class
description: Nanotechnologies in manufacturing involves the use of nanotechnology to make products with improved capabilities or to reduce their manufacturing cost. Nanotechnologies for manufacturing.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 31
description: Nanotechnologies in manufacturing involves the use of nanotechnology to make products with improved capabilities or to reduce their manufacturing cost.
subclass of: Advanced manufacturing technology
preferred label: nanotechnologies for manufacturing

Nanotoxicology
type: Class
description: Nanotoxicology is a branch of toxicology concerned with the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials, which can be divided into those derived from combustion processes (like diesel soot), manufacturing processes (such as spray drying or grinding) and naturally occurring processes (such as volcanic eruptions or atmospheric reactions).
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 32
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: nanotoxicology

Neuroscience
type: Class
description: Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system. It combines physiology, anatomy, molecular biology, developmental biology, cytology, mathematical modeling, and psychology to understand the fundamental and emergent properties of neurons and neural circuits.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 33
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: neuroscience

Novel composites
type: Class
description: Composites can be made from an incredibly diverse range of materials – including wood and other plants in the form of fibers, particles, strands, veneer, and lumber. Novel composite materials research reflects this spectrum, and addresses the design, manufacturing, adhesion, modeling, and performance of new composites. Novel composites.
keywords: continuous fiber ceramic composites
keywords: metal fullerenes
keywords: metal matrix composites
keywords: nanocomposites
keywords: nanopowders
keywords: nanotubes
keywords: polymer composites
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 34
description: Composites can be made from an incredibly diverse range of materials – including wood and other plants in the form of fibers, particles, strands, veneer, and lumber. Novel composite materials research reflects this spectrum, and addresses the design, manufacturing, adhesion, modeling, and performance of new composites.
subclass of: Advanced materials
preferred label: novel composites

nuclear energy
keywords: combined nuclear and steam propulsion
keywords: fusion power
keywords: nuclear safety and security

Nutrition
type: Class
description: Ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food; end all forms of malnutrition, including stunting and wasting in children; address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons.
keywords: acute malnutrition
keywords: child growth standard
keywords: child malnutrition
keywords: child undernutrition
keywords: childhood malnutrition
keywords: chronic malnutrition
keywords: chronic undernourishment
keywords: chronic undernutrition
keywords: dietary diversity score
keywords: food poisoning
keywords: food quality
keywords: global population undernourished
keywords: healthy food
keywords: mal nourished population
keywords: malnourishment
keywords: nutritional deficiencies
keywords: nutritious food
keywords: protein energy malnutrition
keywords: severe malnutrition
keywords: stunted child
keywords: stunted growth
keywords: stunting growth
keywords: under-nutrition
keywords: undernourished
keywords: undernourished people
keywords: undernourishment indicator measure
keywords: undernutrition
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 96
description: ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food; end all forms of malnutrition, including stunting and wasting in children; address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons
subclass of: Zero hunger
preferred label: nutrition

Optical materials and structures
type: Class
description: Optical materials and structures are substances used to manipulate the flow of light. This can include reflecting, absorbing, focusing or splitting an optical beam. The efficiency of a specific material at each task is strongly wavelength dependent, thus a full understanding of the interaction between light and matter is vital.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 35
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: optical materials and structures

Optical metrology
type: Class
description: Optical metrology is using light to set the standards that define units of measurement and for other high-precision research. Optical clocks, for example, have the potential to define the unit of time — the second — to a more precise degree than is possible in the atomic clocks used at present.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 36
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: optical metrology

Optical physics
type: Class
description: Optical physics is the study of the fundamental properties of light and its interaction with matter. This includes classical optical phenomena such as reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference, and also studying the quantum mechanical properties of individual packets of lights known as photons.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 37
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: optical physics

Optical techniques
type: Class
description: Optical techniques are methods that use light to probe or control matter. One prominent example is optical spectroscopy, which includes such methods as pump–probe spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and photoemission spectroscopy. Other examples of optical techniques are microscopy, interferometry, ellipsometry, optical tweezers, and imaging and sensing.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 38
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: optical techniques

passive electronic material
keywords: MLC
keywords: MLC material
keywords: MLCC termination
keywords: SLC electrode
keywords: aluminium electrolytic capacitor
keywords: aluminum electrolytic capacitor
keywords: conductor
keywords: electrode
keywords: encapsulant
keywords: multilayer capacitor
keywords: multilayer capacitor material
keywords: palladium
keywords: passive electronic components
keywords: resistor
keywords: ruthenium
keywords: ruthenium oxide
keywords: ruythenate pyrochlore thick film metallizations
keywords: tantalite
keywords: tantalum capacitor
keywords: tantalum ore

Peace and conflict
type: Class
description: Promote peaceful societies for sustainable development; strengthen relevant national institutions especially through international cooperation to build capacity to prevent violence. Peace and conflict.
keywords: arms flows
keywords: conflic violence
keywords: conflict deaths
keywords: conflict relate death
keywords: conflict resolution mechanism
keywords: flow of arms
keywords: ill-treatment
keywords: internally displaced
keywords: militarization of police
keywords: non-violence
keywords: pacifism
keywords: peace
keywords: peaceful societies
keywords: prevent violence
keywords: protracted armed conflict
keywords: reduce violence
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 97
description: promote peaceful societies for sustainable development; strengthen relevant national institutions especially through international cooperation to build capacity to prevent violence
subclass of: Peace, justice and strong institutions
preferred label: peace and conflict

pharmaceuticals
keywords: antibiotic
keywords: carbamazepine
keywords: diclofenac
keywords: drug
keywords: drug discovery
keywords: drug resistance
keywords: medication
keywords: medicinal preparation
keywords: medicine
keywords: multidrug resistance
keywords: pharmacology
keywords: synthetic drug
keywords: tetracycline

Pharmaceutics
type: Class
description: Pharmaceutics is the discipline of pharmacy that deals with the process of turning a new chemical entity (NCE) or old drugs into a medication to be used safely and effectively by patients. It is also called the science of dosage form design. There are many chemicals with pharmacological properties, but need special measures to help them achieve therapeutically relevant amounts at their sites of action. Pharmaceutics helps relate the formulation of drugs to their delivery and disposition in the body.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 39
subclass of: Life science technologies
preferred label: pharmaceutics

Photoacoustics
type: Class
description: Photoacoustics is the study of vibrations induced in matter by light. Laser light causes localised heating when it is absorbed by a surface. This in turn makes the target area expand and sends a pressure wave through the rest of the material. This effect enables imaging of opaque systems, particularly biological samples.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 40
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: photoacoustics

Photonics based communication technologies
type: Class
description: Photonics-based communication systems are optical communication systems that focus on the implementation of photonic systems like high speed photonic networks. This also includes research on optical regenerators, which improve optical signal quality. Photonics based communication technologies.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 41
description: Photonics-based communication systems are optical communication systems that focus on the implementation of photonic systems like high speed photonic networks. This also includes research on optical regenerators, which improve optical signal quality.
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: photonics based communication technologies

Photonics for manufacturing
type: Class
description: Photonics for manufacturing involves the use of optics and photonics specifically in the manufacturing industry, for instance the use of new lasers for car manufacturing.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 42
subclass of: Advanced manufacturing technology
preferred label: photonics for manufacturing

Poverty measurement and reduction
type: Class
description: Eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere; reduce the proportion of people living in poverty in all its dimensions; implement nationally appropriate social protection systems; mobilization of resources, including through enhanced development cooperation, to provide adequate and predictable means for developing countries to implement programmes and policies to end poverty; create policy frameworks based on pro-poor and gender-sensitive development strategies to support accelerated investment in poverty eradication actions. Poverty measurement and reduction.
keywords: absolute poverty line
keywords: capability poverty indicator
keywords: environment poverty linkage
keywords: extreme poverty line
keywords: financial inclusion
keywords: frugal innovation
keywords: government spending on education
keywords: government spending on health
keywords: government spending on social protection
keywords: international poverty line
keywords: measure poverty
keywords: monetary poverty measure
keywords: multidimensional poverty index
keywords: multidimensional poverty indicator
keywords: national poverty line
keywords: poverty ereduction policy
keywords: poverty measurement
keywords: poverty reduction
keywords: pro-poor development
keywords: pro-poor growth
keywords: redistributive change
keywords: relative deprivation
keywords: social assistance cash benefit
keywords: social protection cash benefit
keywords: social protection floor
keywords: social protection program
keywords: social protection system
keywords: solidarity lending
keywords: total monetary poverty
keywords: vulnerability index
keywords: welfare systems
keywords: world’s poor
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 99
description: eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere; reduce the proportion of people living in poverty in all its dimensions; implement nationally appropriate social protection systems; mobilization of resources, including through enhanced development cooperation, to provide adequate and predictable means for developing countries to implement programmes and policies to end poverty; create policy frameworks based on pro-poor and gender-sensitive development strategies to support accelerated investment in poverty eradication actions
subclass of: No poverty
preferred label: poverty measurement and reduction

poverty reduction policy
keywords: poverty eradication
keywords: poverty gap index
keywords: poverty reduction program
keywords: poverty reduction strategy
keywords: relative poverty line

Power electronics
type: Class
description: Power electronics is the application of solid-state electronics to the control and conversion of electric power.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 43
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: power electronics

Preventing and treating disease
type: Class
description: Reduction of epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases; prevention and treatment of premature mortality from non-communicable diseases; research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and non‑communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries; access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines; early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks. Preventing and treating disease.
keywords: /lamivudine
keywords: acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
keywords: acute hepatitis
keywords: adegramotide
keywords: aedes luteocephalus
keywords: ailanthone
keywords: amnesia
keywords: amodiaquine
keywords: amprenavir
keywords: antimalarial medication
keywords: antivenom
keywords: antivenoms
keywords: aplasmomycin
keywords: artelinic acid
keywords: artemether
keywords: artemisinin
keywords: artemotil
keywords: arterolane
keywords: artesunate
keywords: artificial organ
keywords: atazanavir
keywords: atovaquone
keywords: attenuated vaccine
keywords: av-halt
keywords: avicine
keywords: avoidable death
keywords: avoidable mortality
keywords: bedaquiline
keywords: blackwater fever
keywords: brecanavir
keywords: calanolide a
keywords: capreomycin
keywords: certain disease outbreak
keywords: cervarix
keywords: chagas disease
keywords: child hiv
keywords: chlorproguanil
keywords: chronic disease
keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
keywords: chronic respiratory disease
keywords: cimavax-egf
keywords: cinchona
keywords: cipargamin
keywords: clinical malaria
keywords: codinaeopsin
keywords: communicable disease
keywords: cotrifazid
keywords: cowpox
keywords: cryptolepine
keywords: culex perfuscus
keywords: cumene
keywords: cyanovirin-n
keywords: cycloguanil
keywords: cycloserine
keywords: darunavir
keywords: delamanid
keywords: diarylpyrimidines
keywords: diarylquinoline
keywords: diet related disease
keywords: diet related health
keywords: dihydroartemisinin
keywords: disease burden
keywords: disease mortality rate
keywords: disease prevention
keywords: dolutegravir
keywords: doravirine
keywords: droxinavir
keywords: dtap-ipv vaccine
keywords: ebola syndrome
keywords: ebola vaccine
keywords: ebola virus
keywords: effective first line drug
keywords: enterovirus c
keywords: ethambutol
keywords: ethionamide
keywords: extrapulmonary tuberculosis
keywords: fatal disease

provision of teachers
keywords: associate teacher learning and skills
keywords: certificate in education and training
keywords: diploma in education and training
keywords: pedagogical training
keywords: postgraduate diploma in education
keywords: qualified teacher
keywords: qualified teacher learning
keywords: qualified teacher status
keywords: student teaching
keywords: teacher education
keywords: teacher induction
keywords: teacher training

Provision of teachers and facilities
type: Class
description: Build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive; provision of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries. Provision of teachers and facilities.
keywords: associate teacher learning and skills
keywords: certificate in education and training
keywords: diploma in education and training
keywords: learning environment
keywords: pedagogical training
keywords: postgraduate diploma in education
keywords: qualified teacher
keywords: qualified teacher learning
keywords: qualified teacher status
keywords: school building
keywords: student teaching
keywords: teacher education
keywords: teacher induction
keywords: teacher training
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 101
description: build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive; provision of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries
subclass of: Quality education
preferred label: provision of teachers and facilities

Renewable energy
type: Class
description: Increase the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix; international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology; investment in energy infrastructure; technology for supplying modern and sustainable energy services.
keywords: agrivoltaic
keywords: airborne wind turbine
keywords: alcohol fuel
keywords: algae bioreactor
keywords: algae fuel
keywords: alternative energy
keywords: alternative fuel
keywords: bi-fuel vehicle
keywords: bio waste
keywords: bioconversion
keywords: bioenergy
keywords: biofuel
keywords: biofuel account
keywords: biogas
keywords: biogasoline
keywords: biological hydrogen production (algae)
keywords: biomass briquettes
keywords: biomass energy
keywords: biowaste
keywords: blue carbon
keywords: carbon capture and utilisation
keywords: carbon dioxide removal
keywords: carbon dioxide scrubber
keywords: carbon farming
keywords: carbon sequestration
keywords: carbon-based fuel
keywords: carbon-neutral fuel
keywords: clean energy
keywords: clean fuel
keywords: clean technology
keywords: coalbed methane
keywords: combined gas and steam
keywords: combined steam and gas
keywords: compressed air car
keywords: compressed-air vehicle
keywords: electrofuel
keywords: fossil fuel phase-out
keywords: green energy
keywords: green technologies
keywords: hybrid power
keywords: hydrogen fuel
keywords: hydrogen station
keywords: hydrogen technologies
keywords: hydrogen vehicle
keywords: large scale solar farm
keywords: liquid nitrogen engine
keywords: microbiofuel
keywords: natural gas storage
keywords: ocean thermal energy
keywords: osmotic power
keywords: pacific energy forum
keywords: pellet fuel
keywords: pellet stove
keywords: phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles
keywords: photobioreactor
keywords: photovoltaic
keywords: photovoltaic power station
keywords: photovoltaic system
keywords: renewable electricity
keywords: renewable energy
keywords: renewable fuels
keywords: renewable generation
keywords: renewable natural gas
keywords: renewable power
keywords: renewable resources
keywords: renewable sources
keywords: reversed electrodialysis
keywords: seaweed fuel
keywords: solar air conditioning
keywords: solar air heat
keywords: solar bus
keywords: solar car
keywords: solar cell
keywords: solar charger
keywords: solar cooker
keywords: solar energy
keywords: solar panel

Rf technologies
type: Class
description: A radio-frequency microelectromechanical system (RFMEMS) is a microelectromechanical systems with electronic components comprising moving sub-millimeter-sized parts that provide radio-frequency (RF) functionality. RF functionality can be implemented using a variety of RF technologies. Besides RF MEMS technology, III-V compound semiconductor (GaAs, GaN, InP, InSb), ferrite, ferroelectric, silicon-based semiconductor (RF CMOS, SiC and SiGe), and vacuum tube technology are available to the RF designer.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 44
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: rf technologies

Safer internet for children
type: Class
description: The Commission is working with social networking sites, the internet industry, parents, and other groups to build a better internet for kids. The Safer Internet Programme funds projects which empower and protect children and young people online. Safer internet for children.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 45
description: The Commission is working with social networking sites, the internet industry, parents, and other groups to build a better internet for kids. The Safer Internet Programme funds projects which empower and protect children and young people online
subclass of: Cybersecurity
preferred label: safer internet for children

Sanitation
type: Class
description: Access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation; participation of local communities in ensuring good sanitation.
keywords: accessible toilet
keywords: automatic self-clean toilet seat
keywords: basic handwashing facility
keywords: basic sanitation
keywords: basic sanitation service
keywords: bucket toilet
keywords: cesspit
keywords: combined sewer
keywords: composting toilet
keywords: container-based sanitation
keywords: dignified mobile toilet
keywords: domestic sewage
keywords: dry toilet
keywords: equitable sanitation
keywords: faecal sludge management
keywords: flying toilet
keywords: improved water sanitation
keywords: latrine
keywords: outhouse
keywords: pay toilet
keywords: poor sanitation
keywords: portable toilet
keywords: public toilet
keywords: sanitary sewer
keywords: sanitation facility
keywords: sanitation management
keywords: sanitation related activity
keywords: sanitation system
keywords: sanitation target
keywords: sewage regulation and administration
keywords: sewage sludge treatment
keywords: sewage treatment
keywords: sustainable sanitation
keywords: urban sanitation infrastructure
keywords: urinal
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 106
description: access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation; participation of local communities in ensuring good sanitation
subclass of: Clean water and sanitation
preferred label: sanitation

Security and connectivity
type: Class
description: The European Commission's initiatives aim to improve online security, trust and inclusion. Trust and security are at the core of the European Digital Strategy. A reliable system of electronic signatures that work across EU countries through trust services and eId is vital for safe electronic commerce and efficient delivery of online public services. Security and connectivity.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 46
description: The European Commission's initiatives aim to improve online security, trust and inclusion. Trust and security are at the core of the European Digital Strategy. A reliable system of electronic signatures that work across EU countries through trust services and eId is vital for safe electronic commerce and efficient delivery of online public services.
subclass of: Artificial Intelligence
preferred label: security and connectivity

Semiconductor materials technologies
type: Class
description: Semiconductor materials technologies involves methods and tools for the preparation and evaluation of semiconductor materials, which are used in a host of modern electrical and electronic devices. Their functioning depends on the presence of small amounts of impurities such as phosphorus in the basic crystal element silicon.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 47
subclass of: MNE and photonics
preferred label: semiconductor materials technologies

Sexual and reproductive health
type: Class
description: Access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes.
keywords: newborn mortality
keywords: oncofertility
keywords: oocyte cryopreservation
keywords: ovulation induction
keywords: paternal rights and abortion
keywords: perinatal death
keywords: perinatal mortality
keywords: planned parenthood
keywords: post-neonatal mortality
keywords: postneonatal mortality
keywords: preconception care
keywords: pregnancy-related deaths
keywords: pregnancy-related mortality
keywords: reproductive health care
keywords: reproductive health education
keywords: reproductive rights
keywords: reproductive surgery
keywords: reproductive system disease
keywords: risky sexual behaviour
keywords: safe abortion
keywords: safe motherhood
keywords: sex education
keywords: sexual healthcare provision
keywords: sexual medicine
keywords: sexual reproductive health
keywords: sperm donation
keywords: syphilid
keywords: tampon tax
keywords: trichomonas vaginalis
keywords: unsafe abortion
keywords: venereology
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 107
description: access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes
subclass of: Good health and well-being
preferred label: sexual and reproductive health

smart cities and communities
keywords: active daylighting
keywords: active fire protection
keywords: aspirating smoke detector
keywords: asset-based community development
keywords: bioasphalt
keywords: building automation
keywords: building energy rating
keywords: building insulation
keywords: building life cycle
keywords: domestic robot
keywords: energy recovery ventilation
keywords: heat recovery ventilation
keywords: high-performance green buildings
keywords: home automation
keywords: house energy rating
keywords: insulated glazing
keywords: low-energy house
keywords: phase-out of incandescent light bulbs
keywords: smart city
keywords: smart communities
keywords: smart home technology
keywords: smart lighting
keywords: smart thermostat
keywords: smarter city

social care and mental health
keywords: aboulia
keywords: adopted child syndrome
keywords: agoraphobia
keywords: anorexia mirabilis
keywords: anorexia nervosa
keywords: antisocial personality disorder
keywords: behavioural addiction
keywords: behavioural responses to stress
keywords: brain stimulation reward
keywords: bulimia nervosa
keywords: child abandonment
keywords: child benefit
keywords: child well-being
keywords: chlamydia trachomatis
keywords: cognitive disorder
keywords: cognitive distortion
keywords: collective depression
keywords: complex post-traumatic stress disorder
keywords: coparenting
keywords: diabulimia
keywords: disordered eating
keywords: early childhood trauma
keywords: eating disorder
keywords: emotional security
keywords: emotional well-being
keywords: emotional wellbeing
keywords: empty nest syndrome
keywords: fasting girl
keywords: feeding disorder
keywords: food addiction
keywords: foster care
keywords: human mental health
keywords: hyperfocus
keywords: improved mental health
keywords: mental health disorder
keywords: mental health injury
keywords: mental health issue
keywords: mental well-being
keywords: mental wellbeing
keywords: minor depressive disorder
keywords: mood swing
keywords: neuropsychology
keywords: oncophage
keywords: orthorexia nervosa
keywords: psychological well-being
keywords: psychological wellbeing
keywords: psychopathy
keywords: psychosocial well-being
keywords: psychotic depression
keywords: schizoaffective disorder
keywords: schizothymia
keywords: social medicine
keywords: suicide mortality
keywords: suicide rate

Social equality
type: Class
description: Empower and promote the social inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status; facilitate responsible migration and mobility of people. Social equality.
keywords: address social inclusion
keywords: age discrimination
keywords: ageism
keywords: ageist
keywords: community participation
keywords: digital inclusion
keywords: discriminatory law
keywords: educational inclusion
keywords: ensure enhanced representation
keywords: ensure equal opportunity
keywords: environmental inequality
keywords: equal society
keywords: ethnic discrimination
keywords: exclusionary
keywords: hinder equality
keywords: inclusive education
keywords: institution regulation
keywords: life expectancy inequality
keywords: marginalised social group
keywords: measure inequality
keywords: migrant remittance
keywords: migrant remittance*
keywords: migrant status
keywords: migration policies
keywords: non-discrimination
keywords: perceived discrimination
keywords: political equality
keywords: political inclusion
keywords: racial discrimination
keywords: racism
keywords: reduce inequality
keywords: reduce social equality
keywords: responsible migration
keywords: rural urban disparity
keywords: social equality
keywords: social inclusion
keywords: social integration
keywords: social protection
keywords: social welfare
keywords: stereotype threat
keywords: typical remittance corridor
keywords: unequal country
keywords: unequal economic
keywords: urban disparity
keywords: workplace discrimination
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 109
description: empower and promote the social inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status; facilitate responsible migration and mobility of people
subclass of: Reduced inequalities
preferred label: social equality

Software for manufacturing
type: Class
description: Software for manufacturing provides real-time access to plant activities that include equipment, labor, orders and inventory. Manufacturing Execution Software (MES) integrates the data with enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems so that management has complete control of the operation from the factory floor to the supply chain.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 48
subclass of: Advanced manufacturing technology
preferred label: software for manufacturing

Soil quality
type: Class
description: Combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods. Soil quality.
keywords: agricultural land
keywords: arable land
keywords: cultivated land
keywords: soil aggregation
keywords: soil degradation
keywords: soil environment
keywords: soil erosion
keywords: soil nutrient
keywords: soil quality
keywords: soil salinization
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 110
description: combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods
subclass of: Life on land
preferred label: soil quality

Substance abuse
type: Class
description: Prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse, use of tobacco, and harmful use of alcohol.
keywords: acetaldehyde
keywords: acetophenone
keywords: addiction treatment
keywords: addictive behaviour
keywords: alcohol addiction
keywords: alcohol and cortisol
keywords: alcohol and pregnancy
keywords: alcohol death rate
keywords: alcohol dependence
keywords: alcohol detoxification
keywords: alcohol intake
keywords: alcohol intoxication
keywords: alcohol misuse
keywords: alcohol-related brain damage
keywords: alcohol-related harm
keywords: alcohol-related problems
keywords: alcoholic cardiomyopathy
keywords: alcoholic hallucinosis
keywords: alcoholic hepatitis
keywords: alcoholic ketoacidosis
keywords: alcoholic liver disease
keywords: anti-smoking
keywords: binge drinking
keywords: blood alcohol content
keywords: caffeine-induced sleep disorder
keywords: caffeinism
keywords: cannabis and impaired driving
keywords: chain smoking
keywords: cigarette receptacle
keywords: cocaine psychosis
keywords: condoms, needles, and negotiation
keywords: drug addiction
keywords: drug prevention
keywords: drug rehabilitation
keywords: drunk drivers
keywords: drunkorexia
keywords: excessive drinking
keywords: hangover
keywords: harmful drinking
keywords: hazardous drinking
keywords: narcotic drug
keywords: narcotic drug abuse
keywords: nicotine dependence
keywords: nicotine marketing
keywords: opioid dependence
keywords: responsible drug use
keywords: substance dependence
keywords: substance misuse
keywords: substance use disorder
keywords: substance-induced psychosis
keywords: tobacco control
keywords: tobacco fatwa
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 111
description: prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse, use of tobacco, and harmful use of alcohol
subclass of: Good health and well-being
preferred label: substance abuse

Sustainable agriculture
type: Class
description: Promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources; investment in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development and plant and livestock gene banks. Sustainable agriculture.
keywords: agribusiness
keywords: agricultural biodiversity
keywords: agricultural biotechnology
keywords: agricultural cooperative
keywords: agricultural development
keywords: agricultural drone
keywords: agricultural export subsidies
keywords: agricultural growth
keywords: agricultural intensification
keywords: agricultural land
keywords: agricultural robot
keywords: agricultural soil science
keywords: agricultural sustainability
keywords: agriculture for impact
keywords: agritech
keywords: agroecological restoration
keywords: agroecology
keywords: beetle bank
keywords: biofertilizer
keywords: civic agriculture
keywords: conservation agriculture
keywords: controlled traffic farming
keywords: crop diversity
keywords: crop rotation
keywords: deficit irrigation
keywords: diversified plant
keywords: diversified seed
keywords: ecological farming
keywords: enhance soil health
keywords: genetic diversity of seeds
keywords: intercropping
keywords: livestock gene banks
keywords: millennium seed bank partnership
keywords: open source seed initiative
keywords: organic agriculture
keywords: organic egg production
keywords: organic farming
keywords: organic food
keywords: organic horticulture
keywords: overgrazing
keywords: permaculture
keywords: plant gene banks
keywords: regenerative agriculture
keywords: resilient agricultur* practice
keywords: resilient agriculture
keywords: seed saving
keywords: small farm
keywords: soil conservation
keywords: soil quality degradation
keywords: sustainable agricultural development
keywords: sustainable agricultural practice
keywords: sustainable agriculture
keywords: sustainable food production
keywords: sustainable food system
keywords: sustainable seafood
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 112
description: promote access to and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources; investment in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development and plant and livestock gene banks
subclass of: Zero hunger
preferred label: sustainable agriculture

Sustainable management of natural resources
type: Class
description: Adopt sustainable practices in the management of natural resources; rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing out harmful subsidies to reflect their environmental impacts. Sustainable management of natural resources.
keywords: aerobic granular reactor
keywords: bioconversion
keywords: carbon-to-nitrogen ratio
keywords: circular economy
keywords: land treatment unit
keywords: paper clothing
keywords: paper cup
keywords: rate of exploitation
keywords: water footprint
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 114
description: Adopt sustainable practices in the management of natural resources; rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing out harmful subsidies to reflect their environmental impacts
subclass of: Responsible consumption and production
preferred label: sustainable management of natural resources

Sustainable marine resources
type: Class
label: marine resources
description: Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources. Sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. Conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism. Sustainable marine resources.
keywords: coastal biodiversity
keywords: coastal ecosystem
keywords: coastal environment
keywords: coastal erosion
keywords: coastal eutrophication
keywords: coastal habitats
keywords: coastal hazard
keywords: coastal management
keywords: coastal marine ecosystem
keywords: coastal ocean
keywords: coastal protection
keywords: coastal resource
keywords: coastal system
keywords: coastal wetland
keywords: conserve oceans
keywords: coral reef
keywords: coral reef ecosystem
keywords: island conservation
keywords: mariculture
keywords: marine aquaculture
keywords: marine biodiversity
keywords: marine conservation
keywords: marine diversity
keywords: marine ecology
keywords: marine ecoregion
keywords: marine ecosystem
keywords: marine habitat
keywords: marine key biodiversity
keywords: marine key biodiversity area
keywords: marine life protection act
keywords: marine protected area
keywords: marine renewable
keywords: marine resource
keywords: ocean ecosystem
keywords: protected coastal zone
keywords: reef ecosystem
keywords: seagrass meadow
keywords: sustainable aquaculture
keywords: sustainable fisheries management
keywords: sustainable management of fisheries
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 115
description: Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources. Sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans. Conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information. increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism.
subclass of: Life below water
preferred label: sustainable marine resources

Sustainable tourism
type: Class
description: Enable and monitor sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products.
keywords: community-based tourism
keywords: eco hotel
keywords: ecotourism
keywords: geotourism
keywords: mass tourism
keywords: responsible tourism
keywords: responsible travel
keywords: rural tourism
keywords: sustainable tourism
keywords: tourism planning
keywords: tourism sustainability
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 116
description: Enable and monitor sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products
subclass of: Responsible consumption and production
preferred label: sustainable tourism

technical and vocational education
keywords: affordable vocational training
keywords: ict skills
keywords: information and communications technology skill
keywords: vocational education
keywords: vocational skill

Technology infrastructure
type: Class
description: Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for al; facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries;. Technology infrastructure.
keywords: access to the internet
keywords: basic infrastructure
keywords: cellular infrastructure
keywords: cellular networks
keywords: cloud infrastructure
keywords: communication infrastructure
keywords: communication networks
keywords: computer technology for developing areas
keywords: facilitate tech knowledge transfer
keywords: green infrastructure
keywords: green technology
keywords: ict access
keywords: inclusive infrastructure development
keywords: infrastructure manufacture
keywords: infrastructure support technology
keywords: mobile networks
keywords: quality infrastructure
keywords: resilient infrastructure
keywords: resilient infrastructure development
keywords: safe transport infrastructure
keywords: smart, connected products
keywords: sustainable infrastructure
keywords: sustainable technologies
keywords: technological evolution
keywords: technological innovation
keywords: technological revolution
keywords: technology for sustainable development
keywords: technology hub
keywords: transborder infrastructure
keywords: upgrade infrastructure
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 117
description: Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for al; facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries;
subclass of: Industry, innovation and infrastructure
preferred label: technology infrastructure

trade support
keywords: aid for trade

Traffic accidents
type: Class
description: Reduction of deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents.
keywords: bike-sharing
keywords: carpooling
keywords: injury crash
keywords: motor vehicle accident
keywords: motor vehicle crash
keywords: motorcycle accident
keywords: pedestrian injury
keywords: road accident
keywords: road crash
keywords: traffic crash
keywords: traffic fatalities
keywords: traffic injury
keywords: traffic safety
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 118
description: reduction of deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents
subclass of: Good health and well-being
preferred label: traffic accidents

Trust services and electronic ID
type: Class
label: e-ID
description: Electronic identification (eID) and electronic Trust Services (eTS) are key enablers for secure cross-border electronic transactions and central building blocks of the Digital Single Market. Trust services and electronic ID. E-ID.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 49
description: Electronic identification (eID) and electronic Trust Services (eTS) are key enablers for secure cross-border electronic transactions and central building blocks of the Digital Single Market.
subclass of: Cybersecurity
preferred label: trust services and electronic ID

AI ethics
type: Class
label: Trustworthy AI
description: Promoting the development of Trustworthy AI by prompting ethics by design in Horizon Europe research and innovation projects. AI ethics.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 50
description: promoting the development of Trustworthy AI by prompting ethics by design in Horizon Europe research and innovation projects.
subclass of: Artificial Intelligence
preferred label: trustworthy AI

Urban environmental mitigation
type: Class
description: Reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management. Urban environmental mitigation.
keywords: air quality
keywords: circular economy in cities
keywords: environmental gentrification
keywords: environmental impact of cities
keywords: environmental mitigation
keywords: green area
keywords: green building
keywords: green city
keywords: green home
keywords: green infrastructure
keywords: green retrofit
keywords: green space
keywords: greywater
keywords: integration of renewables
keywords: low-carbon building
keywords: municipal solid waste
keywords: municipal solid waste disposal
keywords: municipal waste
keywords: municipal waste management
keywords: positive energy buildings
keywords: positive energy cities
keywords: positive energy districts
keywords: smart grids
keywords: solar chimney
keywords: solar water heating
keywords: subtropical climate vegetated roof
keywords: sustainable urbanization
keywords: urban air pollution
keywords: urban air quality
keywords: urban circular economy
keywords: urban energy
keywords: urban energy systems
keywords: urban green space
keywords: urban greening project
keywords: urban solid waste
keywords: urban waste
keywords: urban water energy
keywords: waste management
keywords: zero energy buildings
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 120
description: Reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management
subclass of: Sustainable cities and communities
preferred label: urban environmental mitigation

Urban mobility
type: Class
label: sustainable transport
label: transport infrastructure
description: Provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons. Transport infrastructure. Urban mobility.
keywords: accessible public transport
keywords: accessible transport
keywords: automobile free development
keywords: bike-sharing
keywords: carpooling
keywords: carsharing
keywords: commuting related carbon dioxide
keywords: cost effective public transport
keywords: free public transport
keywords: informal transport
keywords: paratransit
keywords: pedestrian safety
keywords: public transit
keywords: public transport planning
keywords: public transport safety
keywords: public transport security
keywords: public transportation
keywords: road accident
keywords: road safety
keywords: safe public transport
keywords: smart mobility
keywords: sustainable mobility
keywords: sustainable public transport
keywords: traffic accident
keywords: traffic congestion
keywords: traffic jam
keywords: traffic safety
keywords: transit service
keywords: transport service
keywords: urban traffic
keywords: urban transport
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 119
description: Provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons
subclass of: Sustainable cities and communities
preferred label: urban mobility

Urban planning and governance
type: Class
label: urban planning
description: Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning. Provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities. Enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries. Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials. Urban planning and governance.
keywords: accessible green area
keywords: accessible urban green space
keywords: asset-based community development
keywords: bioasphalt
keywords: city authority engagement
keywords: compact city model
keywords: efficient urban plan
keywords: efficient urban planning
keywords: efficient urban planning and governance
keywords: ground settlement
keywords: higher density residential neighbourhood
keywords: human settlement inclusive
keywords: human settlement plan
keywords: land-use planning
keywords: local development
keywords: national urban development
keywords: national urban plan
keywords: open public space
keywords: public parks
keywords: rapid urbanization
keywords: rapid urbanization challenges
keywords: reclaimed asphalt pavement
keywords: testing urban solution
keywords: total city space
keywords: total urban solid
keywords: unplanned urban growth
keywords: unplanned urban sprawl
keywords: unplanned urbanization
keywords: urban challenges
keywords: urban density
keywords: urban design
keywords: urban development
keywords: urban development issue
keywords: urban development outcome
keywords: urban development plan
keywords: urban economics
keywords: urban expansion
keywords: urban experimental area
keywords: urban innovation platforms
keywords: urban multi-stakeholder community,
keywords: urban participation
keywords: urban system change
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 121
description: Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning. Provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities. Enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries. Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials.
subclass of: Sustainable cities and communities
preferred label: urban planning and governance

Waste management and recycling
type: Class
description: Adopt environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, reducing their release to air, water and soil to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment; reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse. Waste management and recycling.
keywords: appliance recycling
keywords: automotive shredder residue
keywords: biodegradability prediction
keywords: biodegradable bag
keywords: biodrying
keywords: bioreactor landfill
keywords: biotic material
keywords: biowaste
keywords: brown waste
keywords: built-in obsolescence
keywords: by-product
keywords: chemical pollution
keywords: component obsolescence
keywords: compost heater
keywords: compost pile
keywords: composting toilet
keywords: container-deposit legislation
keywords: end of life vehicles directive
keywords: freecycling
keywords: hazardous waste target
keywords: hot container composting
keywords: household waste
keywords: in-vessel composting
keywords: industrial symbiosis
keywords: kitchen waste
keywords: land disposal unit
keywords: landfill liner
keywords: landfill tax
keywords: lyman filament extruder
keywords: marine sanitation device
keywords: material recovery facility
keywords: material recycled
keywords: organic waste
keywords: plastic 2020 challenge
keywords: plastic clothing
keywords: precycling
keywords: product lifecycle
keywords: recycling
keywords: sewage sludge treatment
keywords: solid waste
keywords: waste converter
keywords: waste disposal
keywords: waste generation
keywords: waste management
keywords: waste pollution
keywords: waste processing
keywords: waste treatment
keywords: waste-to-energy
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 122
description: Adopt environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, reducing their release to air, water and soil to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment; reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
subclass of: Responsible consumption and production
preferred label: waste management and recycling

Water resources
type: Class
description: Access to safe and affordable drinking water for all; efficiency of water use; sustainable withdrawal and use of fresh water; integrated water resource management; protection and restoration of water-related ecosystems; support for developing countries in water- and sanitation-related activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies. Water resources.
keywords: accessible water
keywords: affordable drinking water
keywords: agricultural wastewater treatment
keywords: agricultural water resource
keywords: annual water withdrawal
keywords: aquatic toxicology
keywords: arsenic contamination of groundwater
keywords: atmospheric water generator
keywords: backswamp
keywords: bacteriological water analysis
keywords: basic drinking water service
keywords: chemical addition wastewater treatment
keywords: clean fresh water
keywords: clean water
keywords: clean water supply
keywords: community water supply system
keywords: contaminated groundwater
keywords: contaminated water
keywords: conventional water resource
keywords: decentralised wastewater system
keywords: desalinating
keywords: drinkable water
keywords: drinking fountain
keywords: drinking water quality standard
keywords: drinking water service
keywords: drought refuge
keywords: dune water
keywords: environmental effects of laundry wastewater
keywords: environmental impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care products
keywords: finite water resource
keywords: fog collection
keywords: fog collector
keywords: fresh groundwater
keywords: fresh water source
keywords: freshwater acidification
keywords: freshwater ecosystem
keywords: freshwater management
keywords: freshwater resource
keywords: freshwater resources
keywords: freshwater scarcity
keywords: freshwater withdrawal
keywords: future water investment
keywords: future water supply
keywords: global freshwater
keywords: global water demand
keywords: global water partnership
keywords: good quality drinking water
keywords: greenpeace arctic sunrise ship case
keywords: greywater
keywords: groundwater discharge
keywords: groundwater management
keywords: groundwater pollution
keywords: groundwater remediation
keywords: h2no
keywords: hippo water roller
keywords: hydraulic agriculture
keywords: hydrological transport model
keywords: ice pigging
keywords: integrated urban water management
keywords: integrated water resources management
keywords: interbasin transfer
keywords: international water management institute
keywords: megadrought
keywords: mercury pollution in the ocean
keywords: natural water capital
keywords: non-revenue water
keywords: oily wastewater
keywords: palmer drought index
keywords: polluted water
keywords: poor water quality
keywords: public water system
keywords: purified water
keywords: rainfed agricultural system
keywords: rainfed land
keywords: rainwater harvesting
keywords: rainwater hog
keywords: real wastewater

Working conditions
type: Class
description: Provide safe and secure working conditions for all workers.
keywords: decent employment
keywords: decent job
keywords: decent job creation
keywords: decent work
keywords: decent work agenda
keywords: decent work opportunity
keywords: discouraged worker
keywords: employment condition
keywords: employment policy
keywords: ilo decent work agenda
keywords: labour standard
keywords: minimum wage
keywords: occupational accident
keywords: occupational disease
keywords: occupational fatality
keywords: occupational injury
keywords: productive employment
keywords: trade union
keywords: work injury
keywords: work-related accidents
keywords: work-related injury
keywords: workers' rights
keywords: workplace injury
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 124
description: provide safe and secure working conditions for all workers
subclass of: Decent work and economic growth
preferred label: working conditions

Youth employment
type: Class
description: Reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training. Youth employment.
keywords: potential youth labour market
keywords: youth employment
keywords: youth labour market
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 125
description: reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training
subclass of: Decent work and economic growth
preferred label: youth employment

Affordable and clean energy
type: Class
description: SDG 7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. Affordable and clean energy.
keywords: affordable energy supply
keywords: annual electrification rate
keywords: biobased economy
keywords: cap and dividend
keywords: carbon emission
keywords: clean energy infrastructure
keywords: clean energy research
keywords: clean energy technology
keywords: clean fuel
keywords: cleaner fossil fuel technology
keywords: climate resilient energy technology
keywords: co2balance
keywords: coal consumption
keywords: common external power supply
keywords: electric motor
keywords: electrical power
keywords: electricity access
keywords: electricity connection cost
keywords: electricity tariff data
keywords: electrification trend
keywords: elevated energy price
keywords: energy policy paradigm
keywords: energy poverty
keywords: energy related emission
keywords: energy self sufficiency
keywords: energy target
keywords: energy transition
keywords: energy transition pathway
keywords: enhanced energy security
keywords: future electrification effort
keywords: gas energy system
keywords: global electrification rate
keywords: global energy assessment
keywords: global energy mix
keywords: global primary energy
keywords: global total primary energy
keywords: hydropower investment
keywords: iiasa global energy assessment
keywords: incremental rural electrification
keywords: international energy agency
keywords: international oil price
keywords: lithium economy
keywords: low carbon communities
keywords: low carbon development
keywords: low carbon facility
keywords: low greenhouse gas energy
keywords: modern energy form
keywords: modern energy service
keywords: modern energy society
keywords: national energy security
keywords: urban electrification
keywords: wood energy
keywords: world energy outlook
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 54
description: SDG 7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Clean water and sanitation
type: Class
description: SDG 6 Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for al. Clean water and sanitation.
keywords: water and sanitation
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 61
description: SDG 6 Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for al
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Climate Action
type: Class
description: SDG 13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. Climate Action.
keywords: arctic resources race
keywords: average surface temperature
keywords: azolla event
keywords: carbon economy
keywords: changing climate
keywords: changing weather patterns
keywords: climate action
keywords: climate adaptation
keywords: climate change
keywords: climate change denial
keywords: climate crisis
keywords: climate debt
keywords: climate early warning
keywords: climate engineering
keywords: climate ethics
keywords: climate event
keywords: climate fund
keywords: climate impact
keywords: climate inertia
keywords: climate justice
keywords: climate mitigation
keywords: climate refugees
keywords: climate related disaster
keywords: climate related hazard
keywords: climate related risks
keywords: climate resilient
keywords: climate resilient pathway
keywords: climate restoration
keywords: climate risk
keywords: climate warming
keywords: climate-smart agriculture
keywords: climatic change
keywords: coral bleaching
keywords: earth hour
keywords: ecocapsule
keywords: ecomechatronics
keywords: estuarine acidification
keywords: extreme climatic events
keywords: extreme high sea level
keywords: extreme precipitation event
keywords: extreme weather
keywords: frequent storm event
keywords: future climate
keywords: future hydrometeorological hazard
keywords: ghg
keywords: global carbon emission
keywords: global ghg emission
keywords: global mean sea level
keywords: global mean surface warming
keywords: global mean temperature
keywords: global temperature increase
keywords: global temperature rise
keywords: global terrestrial stilling
keywords: global warming
keywords: global-mean temperature
keywords: green house gas
keywords: green retrofit
keywords: greenhouse debt
keywords: greenhouse development rights
keywords: greenhouse effect
keywords: greenhouse emission
keywords: greenhouse gas
keywords: greenhouse-gas emissions
keywords: higher frequency natural hazard
keywords: ice–albedo feedback
keywords: increase average temperature
keywords: increase greenhouse gas
keywords: innovative low carbon product
keywords: land subsidence
keywords: limit global temperature
keywords: low carbon economy
keywords: low emission technology
keywords: low greenhouse gas emissions
keywords: marine cloud brightening
keywords: mediterranean tropical-like cyclone
keywords: ocean acidification
keywords: ocean warming

Industry, innovation and infrastructure
type: Class
description: SDG 9 Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation. Industry, innovation and infrastructure.
keywords: actor–network theory
keywords: advanced energy materials
keywords: advanced manufacturing
keywords: advertising campaign
keywords: agricultural value chain
keywords: balanced-growth equilibrium
keywords: bass diffusion model
keywords: belt and road initiative
keywords: bitmarkets
keywords: brand architecture
keywords: brand implementation
keywords: build–operate–transfer
keywords: capitalism without growth
keywords: commercial intelligence
keywords: community capitalism
keywords: community networks
keywords: competitive intelligence
keywords: debt relief
keywords: democratisation of technology
keywords: development ethics
keywords: domestic firms
keywords: earth economics
keywords: eco-investing
keywords: ecological economics
keywords: ecological footprint
keywords: ecomechatronics
keywords: economic spin-off
keywords: economic stagnation
keywords: economic transformation
keywords: ecotechnology
keywords: endogenous growth theory
keywords: environmental economics
keywords: environmental full-cost accounting
keywords: environmental technology
keywords: environmentally sound technologies
keywords: export parity price
keywords: fair chain
keywords: fair trade
keywords: financial performance
keywords: financial sector development
keywords: firm heterogeneity
keywords: funding of science
keywords: green economy
keywords: green industrial
keywords: green industrial transformation
keywords: green market
keywords: human rights and development
keywords: inclusive business
keywords: indigenous development
keywords: industrial development
keywords: industrial diversification
keywords: industrial ecology
keywords: industrial internationalisation
keywords: industrial internet of things
keywords: industrialization and urbanisation
keywords: informal economy
keywords: information and communication technologies for development
keywords: information-led development
keywords: intelligent environment
keywords: knowledge broker
keywords: knowledge transfer
keywords: lab-on-a-chip
keywords: manufacture modules technologies
keywords: manufacturing employment
keywords: manufacturing enterprises
keywords: marginal budgeting for bottlenecks
keywords: meso finance
keywords: micro-retailing
keywords: mobile cellular subscription penetration
keywords: multiple discovery
keywords: nano manufacturing
keywords: nanoarchitectonics
keywords: narrowband iot
keywords: national development bank
keywords: neglected and underutilised crop
keywords: net economic welfare
keywords: new business development

Life on land
type: Class
description: SDG 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss. Life on land.
keywords: aboriginal community
keywords: aboriginal people
keywords: desertification
keywords: environmental degradation
keywords: environmental impact of paper
keywords: grassland degradation
keywords: hydrological cycle
keywords: illegal wildlife product
keywords: indigenous children
keywords: indigenous community
keywords: indigenous group
keywords: indigenous people
keywords: indigenous population
keywords: indigenous women
keywords: land conservation
keywords: land degradation
keywords: land loss
keywords: land management
keywords: land restoration
keywords: land subsidence
keywords: landscape degradation
keywords: mineral soil
keywords: mountain region
keywords: natural wetland
keywords: protected fauna
keywords: protected flora
keywords: protected species
keywords: revegetation
keywords: semi-arid
keywords: shrub species
keywords: species loss
keywords: stump harvesting
keywords: threatened species
keywords: vegetation degradation
keywords: vegetation restoration
keywords: water-limited
keywords: wetland area
keywords: wetland conservation
keywords: wetland ecosystem
keywords: wetland loss
keywords: wetland system
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 90
description: SDG 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

No poverty
type: Class
description: SDG 1 End poverty in all its forms everywhere. No poverty.
keywords: access to basic services
keywords: alternative financial service
keywords: aporophobia
keywords: begging
keywords: community banking models
keywords: concentrated disadvantage
keywords: descamisado
keywords: dumpster diving
keywords: food poverty
keywords: global poverty
keywords: impoverished
keywords: inclusive growth
keywords: income deficit
keywords: income inequality
keywords: income poverty
keywords: low income
keywords: low-income families
keywords: low-income households
keywords: lumpenproletariat
keywords: material deprivation
keywords: micro-credit
keywords: micro-finance
keywords: microcredit
keywords: microfinance
keywords: microfinancing
keywords: microgrant
keywords: microinsurance
keywords: poor families
keywords: poor household
keywords: poor households
keywords: poor people
keywords: poor person
keywords: poverty
keywords: proletariat
keywords: rural poor
keywords: skid row
keywords: unbanked
keywords: underbanked
keywords: underclass
keywords: village banking
keywords: vulnerable households
keywords: working poor
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 95
description: SDG 1 End poverty in all its forms everywhere
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Reduced inequalities
type: Class
description: SDG 10 Reduce inequality within and among countries. Reduced inequalities.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 103
description: SDG 10 Reduce inequality within and among countries
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Artificial Intelligence
type: Class
description: Well-coordinated use of AI can bring about significant improvements to society. It can help us reach climate and sustainability goals and will bring high-impact innovations in healthcare, education, transport, industry and many other sectors. Artificial Intelligence.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 11
description: Well-coordinated use of AI can bring about significant improvements to society. It can help us reach climate and sustainability goals and will bring high-impact innovations in healthcare, education, transport, industry and many other sectors.
subclass of: Key Enabling Technology

Cybersecurity
type: Class
description: Digital Security refers to various ways of protecting computer's internet account and files from intrusion by an outside user. Cybersecurity.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 20
description: Digital Security refers to various ways of protecting computer's internet account and files from intrusion by an outside user.
subclass of: Key Enabling Technology

Life below water
type: Class
description: SDG 14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. Life below water.
keywords: blue green economy
keywords: global ocean
keywords: marine environment
keywords: ocean assessment
keywords: open ocean
keywords: riverkeeper
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 89
description: SDG 14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Quality education
type: Class
description: SDG 4 Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
keywords: adult education
keywords: adult lifelong learning
keywords: award in education and training
keywords: bachelor of education
keywords: cambridge international general certificate of education
keywords: certificate of initial mastery
keywords: childhood education participation
keywords: civic literacy
keywords: classroom walkthrough
keywords: diversity training
keywords: early childhood development
keywords: early childhood education
keywords: early years education
keywords: education for sustainable development
keywords: education indicator
keywords: education participation rate
keywords: education policy
keywords: effective learning outcome
keywords: environmental education
keywords: family basic education
keywords: global citizenship education
keywords: good quality education
keywords: high school diploma
keywords: high school sport
keywords: human rights education
keywords: individualised education programme
keywords: informal educational opportunity
keywords: international student assessment
keywords: key role education
keywords: learner autonomy
keywords: learning environment
keywords: learning experience
keywords: learning opportunity
keywords: life long learning
keywords: lifelong learning
keywords: local education system
keywords: peace education
keywords: primary education
keywords: primary school
keywords: primary school enrolment
keywords: pupil teacher ratio
keywords: quality education
keywords: quality higher education
keywords: scholarships developing countries
keywords: school building
keywords: universal education
keywords: universal education goal
keywords: universal primary education
keywords: university of the third age
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 102
description: SDG 4 Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Responsible consumption and production
type: Class
description: SDG 12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. Responsible consumption and production.
keywords: circular economy
keywords: cleaner production process
keywords: conspicuous consumption
keywords: dignity labour
keywords: ecobrick
keywords: ecological footprint
keywords: efficient use resource
keywords: environmental impact of paper
keywords: ethical consumption
keywords: exploitation of labour
keywords: green convention
keywords: green economy
keywords: manual labour
keywords: material footprint
keywords: neocolonial dependence
keywords: overconsumption
keywords: planned obsolescence
keywords: promote sustainable consumption
keywords: promote sustainable lifestyle
keywords: resin identification code
keywords: responsible production chains
keywords: reuse of bottle
keywords: sharing economy
keywords: superprofit
keywords: surplus product
keywords: surplus value
keywords: sustainable business model
keywords: sustainable business practice
keywords: sustainable consumption
keywords: sustainable corporate practice
keywords: sustainable development education
keywords: sustainable innovation
keywords: sustainable lifestyles
keywords: sustainable manufacturing
keywords: sustainable procurement
keywords: sustainable production
keywords: sustainable public procurement
keywords: technological obsolescence
keywords: technology obsolescence
keywords: underconsumption
keywords: unsustainable consumption
keywords: unsustainable production
keywords: wasteful consumption
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 105
description: SDG 12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Zero hunger
type: Class
description: SDG 2 End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. Zero hunger.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 126
description: SDG 2 End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Advanced manufacturing technology
type: Class
description: Advanced Manufacturing Technology encompass the use of innovative technology to improve products or processes that drive innovation. It covers two types of technologies: process technology that is used to produce any of the other five KETs, and process technology that is based on robotics, automation technology or computer-integrated manufacturing. For the former, such process technology typically relates to production apparatus, equipment and procedures for the manufacture of specific materials and components. For the latter, process technology includes measuring, control and testing devices for machines, machine tools and various areas of automated or IT-based manufacturing technology.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 3
subclass of: Key Enabling Technology

Key Enabling Technology
type: Class
description: Key Enabling Technology.
description: Key Enabling Technology

Advanced materials
type: Class
description: Advanced Materials lead both to new reduced cost substitutes to existing materials and to new higher added-value products and services. Advanced Materials offer major improvements in a wide variety of different fields, e.g. in aerospace, transport, building and health care. They facilitate recycling, lowering the carbon footprint and energy demand as well as limiting the need for raw materials that are scarce in Europe.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 4
subclass of: Key Enabling Technology

Decent work and economic growth
type: Class
label: employment
description: SDG 8 Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all. Decent work and economic growth.
keywords: decent job creation
keywords: disequilibrium macroeconomics
keywords: dislocated worker funding
keywords: employment creation
keywords: global retirement index
keywords: informal economy
keywords: international labour organisation
keywords: international labour organization
keywords: labor standard
keywords: labour convention
keywords: labour force
keywords: labour law
keywords: labour market area
keywords: labour market policy
keywords: labour migrant
keywords: labour migration
keywords: mandatory retirement
keywords: migrant worker
keywords: outplacement
keywords: product diversification
keywords: productive occupational opportunity
keywords: productive talent
keywords: protect labour right
keywords: providing decent work
keywords: retirement age
keywords: stable employment
keywords: total employment
keywords: trade commitment
keywords: trade flow
keywords: trade policy
keywords: trade related technical assistance
keywords: trade support
keywords: trade worker
keywords: unemployment
keywords: unemployment level
keywords: unemployment rate
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 65
description: SDG 8 Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Peace, justice and strong institutions
type: Class
description: SDG 16 Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels. Peace, justice and strong institutions.
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 98
description: SDG 16 Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Sustainable cities and communities
type: Class
description: SDG 11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. Sustainable cities and communities.
keywords: accessible green area
keywords: accessible urban green space
keywords: automatic fire suppression
keywords: autonomous building
keywords: building sustainable
keywords: cavity wall insulation
keywords: certified wood
keywords: climate-adaptive building shell
keywords: compact city model
keywords: composting toilet
keywords: cosmopolitan localism
keywords: cultural landscape
keywords: daylight harvesting
keywords: design for the environment
keywords: earthquake-resistant structure
keywords: eco-cement
keywords: eco-city
keywords: ecodistrict
keywords: ecological design
keywords: ecovillage
keywords: energy-efficient landscaping
keywords: environmental design
keywords: environmental gentrification
keywords: high density city
keywords: higher density residential neighbourhood
keywords: household air pollution
keywords: human settlement inclusive
keywords: human settlement plan
keywords: increase urban population
keywords: informal settlement
keywords: land-use planning
keywords: liveable city
keywords: local development
keywords: low-carbon building
keywords: metropolitan city
keywords: municipal actor
keywords: national urban development
keywords: national urban plan
keywords: new urbanism
keywords: open public space
keywords: papercrete
keywords: proposed urban goal
keywords: public parks
keywords: rapid urbanization
keywords: rapid urbanization challenges
keywords: reclaimed asphalt pavement
keywords: resilient building
keywords: resilient city
keywords: roof garden
keywords: safe cities
keywords: slum settlement
keywords: sustainable architecture
keywords: sustainable building
keywords: sustainable city
keywords: sustainable community
keywords: sustainable construction
keywords: sustainable design
keywords: sustainable drainage system
keywords: sustainable environment
keywords: sustainable flooring
keywords: sustainable habitat
keywords: sustainable housing
keywords: sustainable human settlement
keywords: sustainable landscape architecture
keywords: sustainable landscaping
keywords: sustainable refurbishment
keywords: sustainable tourism
keywords: sustainable urban neighbourhood
keywords: sustainable urbanisation
keywords: sustainable urbanism
keywords: sustainable urbanization
keywords: total city space
keywords: total urban solid
keywords: total urban solid waste
keywords: transition town
keywords: unplanned urban growth
keywords: unplanned urban sprawl

Good health and well-being
type: Class
description: SDG 3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. Good health and well-being.
keywords: average life expectancy
keywords: average population health level
keywords: case fatality
keywords: cause-specific mortality
keywords: child death
keywords: child health
keywords: childhood death
keywords: childhood mortality
keywords: death rate
keywords: global health risk
keywords: health challenges
keywords: health goal
keywords: human health condition
keywords: major health issue
keywords: major health priority
keywords: poor health
keywords: population health level
keywords: population mortality rate
keywords: premature death
keywords: premature mortality
keywords: preventable death
keywords: prosthetic makeup
keywords: prosthetist
keywords: total mortality
keywords: voice prosthesis
provenance: UNESCO
topic ID: 81
description: SDG 3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
subclass of: Sustainable Development Goals

Life science technologies
type: Class
description: The Life Science Technologies section covers various fields within the biomedical sector including biological data analytics, bioinformatics, advances in biomaterials and bioelectronics, biomedical engineering, as well as the neuroscience sector.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 26
subclass of: Key Enabling Technology

MNE and photonics
type: Class
description: Micro- and Nanoelectronics deal with semiconductor components and/or highly miniaturized electronic subsystems and their integration in larger products and systems. They include the fabrication, the design, the packaging and test from nano-scale transistors to micro-scale systems integrating multiple functions on a chip. Optics and photonics is the study of the fundamental properties of light and harnessing them in practical applications. Optics and photonics covers the entire electromagnetic spectrum from high-energy gamma rays and X-rays, through the optical regime of ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light, to long-wavelength microwave and radio waves. MNE and photonics.
provenance: KNOWMAK
topic ID: 28
description: Micro- and Nanoelectronics deal with semiconductor components and/or highly miniaturized electronic subsystems and their integration in larger products and systems. They include the fabrication, the design, the packaging and test from nano-scale transistors to micro-scale systems integrating multiple functions on a chip. Optics and photonics is the study of the fundamental properties of light and harnessing them in practical applications. Optics and photonics covers the entire electromagnetic spectrum from high-energy gamma rays and X-rays, through the optical regime of ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light, to long-wavelength microwave and radio waves.
subclass of: Key Enabling Technology

Sustainable Development Goals
type: Class
description: Sustainable Development Goals.
description: Sustainable Development Goals